0001558370-24-002607 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

Other noncurrent liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Components of Other noncurrent liabilities


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accrued postretirement benefits	$	5.9	$	6.4
Employee benefits		4.8		4.9
Other		9.8		10.5
Total	$	20.5	$	21.8

Commitments and contingencies - Summary of Approximate Percentage of TiO2 Sales by Volume (Details) - Net Sales - Geographic Concentration Risk	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Europe
Schedule Of Net Sales By Geographical Segment [Line Items]
Approximate percent sales by volume	44.00%	45.00%	46.00%
North America
Schedule Of Net Sales By Geographical Segment [Line Items]
Approximate percent sales by volume	41.00%	39.00%	37.00%

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Weighted Average Rate Assumptions Used in Determining Net Periodic Pension Cost (Detail) - Defined benefit pension plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Discount rate	3.90%	1.50%	1.00%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.70%	2.60%	2.60%
Long-term return on plan assets	4.60%	2.50%	2.40%
U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Discount rate	5.30%	2.60%	2.20%
Long-term return on plan assets	5.00%	4.00%	4.00%

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Net Income (Loss)	$ (49.1)	$ 104.5	$ 112.9
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Currency translation	3.7	(28.8)	(7.0)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net	(9.6)	72.6	44.1
Comprehensive income (loss)	(58.7)	177.1	157.0
Defined benefit pension plans
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Defined benefit pension plans	(12.9)	100.2	51.2
Other postretirement benefit plans
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Defined benefit pension plans	$ (0.4)	$ 1.2	$ (0.1)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 11
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-10

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483581/946-220-45-7

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483586/944-220-S99-1

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30

Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 260
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 60B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B

Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31

Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 205
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7

Reference 35: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 230
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 28
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28

Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A

Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B

Reference 38: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2

Reference 39: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483589/942-220-S99-1

+ Details

- Definition

Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 505
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 830
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 830
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 17
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483586/944-220-S99-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 830
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 20
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483589/942-220-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B

Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 15
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 220
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482739/220-10-55-15

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A

+ Details

Marketable securities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Marketable securities

Marketable securities

Note 6 – Marketable securities:

Our marketable securities consist of an investment in the publicly-traded shares of Valhi, a related party. All of our marketable securities are accounted for as available-for-sale securities, which are carried at fair value using quoted market prices in active markets for each marketable security and represent a Level 1 input within the fair value hierarchy. Unrealized gains or losses on equity securities are recognized in Other income (expense) - Marketable equity securities on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.


	Fair value
	measurement	Market		Cost		Unrealized
Marketable security	level	value		basis		loss

		(In millions)
December 31, 2022:
Valhi common stock	1	$	3.2	$	3.2	$	-

December 31, 2023:
Valhi common stock	1	$	2.2	$	3.2	$	(1.0)

At December 31, 2022 and 2023, we held approximately 144,000 shares of Valhi’s common stock. The per share quoted market price of Valhi’s common stock was $22.00 and $15.19, at December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

The Valhi common stock we own is subject to the restrictions on resale pursuant to certain provisions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 144. In addition, as a majority-owned subsidiary of Valhi we cannot vote our shares of Valhi common stock under Delaware General Corporation Law, but we do receive dividends from Valhi on these shares, when declared and paid.

Commitments and contingencies - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) customer	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Titanium Dioxide Pigments
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
TiO2 Customers \| customer	3,000
Feedstock
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
Minimum purchase commitments \| $	$ 583			$ 465
Various Raw Materials and Services
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
Minimum purchase commitments \| $	$ 72			$ 38
Net Sales \| Product Concentration Risk \| Titanium Dioxide Pigments
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
Approximate percent sales by volume	90.00%	92.00%	92.00%
Net Sales \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Titanium Dioxide Pigments \| Top ten customers
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
Approximate percent sales by volume	35.00%	33.00%	32.00%
Net Sales \| Customer Concentration Risk \| Titanium Dioxide Pigments \| One customer
Commitment And Contingencies [Line Items]
Approximate percent sales by volume	12.00%	10.00%	10.00%
TiO2 Customers \| customer	1

Restructuring costs - Accrued workforce reduction cost (Details) - Workforce reduction $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Restructuring costs
Workforce reduction costs accrued	$ 5.8
Workforce reduction costs paid	(0.9)
Currency translation adjustments, net	0.1
Accrued workforce reduction costs at December 31, 2023	5.0
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet
Current liability	5.0
Accrued workforce reduction cost	$ 5.0

Related Party Transactions - Summary of Receivables from and Payables to Affiliates (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current receivables from affiliates	$ 17.3	$ 2.7
Current payables to affiliates	31.3	22.9
Noncurrent payable to affiliates	18.6	33.5
Other Affiliates \| Other payable
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current payables to affiliates	0.6
Other Affiliates \| Other Receivable
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current receivables from affiliates	0.4	2.7
Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. \| Trade Items
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current receivables from affiliates	16.9
Current payables to affiliates	19.9	17.1
Valhi \| Income Tax Payable
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current payables to affiliates	10.8	5.8
Related Party [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Current payables to affiliates	31.3	22.9
Noncurrent payable to affiliates	$ 18.6	$ 33.5

Inventories, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Inventories, net

Schedule of Inventories, Net


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Raw materials	$	145.3	$	188.3
Work in process		32.0		30.8
Finished products		349.9		249.6
Supplies		81.5		95.9
Total	$	608.7	$	564.6

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (49.1)	$ 104.5	$ 112.9

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

+ Details

Leases - Schedule of Future Minimum Payment under Non-Cancellable Operating Lease Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases
2024	$ 4.6
2025	3.6
2026	3.3
2027	2.2
2028	2.0
2029 and thereafter	17.0
Total remaining lease payments	32.7
Less imputed interest	10.2
Total lease obligations	22.5
Less current obligations	$ 3.9	$ 3.8
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Long term lease obligations	$ 18.6	$ 17.4

Restructuring costs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Restructuring costs

Schedule of accrued workforce reduction costs

A summary of the activity in our accrued workforce reduction costs for 2023 is shown in the table below (in millions):


Accrued workforce reduction costs as of January 1, 2023	$	-
Workforce reduction costs accrued		5.8
Workforce reduction costs paid		(.9)
Currency translation adjustments, net		.1

Accrued workforce reduction costs at December 31, 2023	$	5.0

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Current liability	$	5.0
Noncurrent liability		-

	$	5.0

Inventories, net - Schedule of Inventories, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventories, net
Raw materials	$ 188.3	$ 145.3
Work in process	30.8	32.0
Finished products	249.6	349.9
Supplies	95.9	81.5
Total	$ 564.6	$ 608.7

Other operating income (expense), net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other operating income (expense), net
Insurance settlement gain	$ 2.5	$ 2.7

Marketable Securities - Classification of marketable securities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable securities
Market value	$ 2.2	$ 3.2
Level 1 \| Common stock \| Valhi
Marketable securities
Market value	2.2	3.2
Cost basis	3.2	$ 3.2
Unrealized loss	$ (1.0)

Insider Trading Arrangements	12 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Changes In Benefit Obligations Recognized In Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Detail) - Defined benefit pension plans - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Net actuarial (losses) gains	$ (25.0)	$ 135.1	$ 52.5
Net actuarial losses	2.4	13.0	20.0
Prior service cost	0.1	0.1	0.2
Settlement loss	1.6	0.3
Total	$ (20.9)	$ 148.5	$ 72.7

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Components of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accounts payable	$	177.2	$	218.7
Accrued sales discounts and rebates		25.6		22.5
Employee benefits		22.9		24.7
Operating lease liabilities		3.8		3.9
Other		59.9		54.3
Total	$	289.4	$	324.1

Long-term debt - Senior Notes - Additional Information (Detail)					1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 12, 2024 USD ($)	Feb. 12, 2024 EUR (€)	Sep. 13, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 13, 2017 USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 12, 2024 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 13, 2017 EUR (€)
Senior Notes
Long-term debt
Debt instrument base principal amount								€ 1,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs \| $						$ 1,600,000			$ 2,400,000
Senior Notes \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument base principal amount							€ 1,000
Minimum amount of debt default for using customary default provisions \| $	$ 50,000,000.0
3.75% Senior Secured Notes due September 15, 2025
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount \| $			$ 3.75	$ 3.75
Debt instrument interest rate						3.75%		3.75%
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount	$ 9.50						€ 850
Debt instrument interest rate	9.50%						9.50%
Debt instrument redemption price percent if experience certain specified change of control events	101.00%	101.00%
Principal amount							€ 325,000,000
Cash consideration		€ 50,000,000
Remaining outstanding							75,000,000
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Maximum \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Cash consideration		€ 150
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Minimum \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount							276,174,000
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Prior to March 15, 2026 \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, redemption price percentage	100.00%	100.00%
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| On or After March 15, 2026 \| Maximum \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, redemption price percentage	104.75%	104.75%
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| On or After March 15, 2028 \| Minimum \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, redemption price percentage	100.00%	100.00%
9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| On or Before March 15, 2026 \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, percentage of debt that may be redeemed	40.00%	40.00%
Private equity offerings	109.50%	109.50%
Redemption percentage	50.00%	50.00%
Subordinated, unsecured term loan \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount	$ 53,700,000						€ 50,000,000.0
Debt instrument interest rate	11.50%						11.50%
Kronos International, Inc \| 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due September 15, 2025
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount			$ 477,600,000	$ 477,600,000						€ 400,000,000
Debt instrument interest rate			3.75%	3.75%		3.75%		3.75%	3.75%	3.75%
Debt instrument maturity date			Sep. 15, 2025
Debt instrument, interest payment terms						bear interest at 3.75% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, payments began on March 15, 2018;
Debt instrument, frequency of periodic payment of interest						semi-annually
Debt instrument, date of first semi-annual interest payment			--03-15
Debt instrument, date of second semi-annual interest payment			--09-15
Debt Instrument, date of first required semi-annual payment			Mar. 15, 2018
Debt instrument, redemption, description						have a maturity date of September 15, 2025. We may redeem the Old Notes at 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest. If we experience certain specified change of control events as outlined in the indenture governing our Old Notes, we would be required to make an offer to purchase the Old Notes at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We would also be required to make an offer to purchase a specified portion of the Old Notes at par value, plus accrued and unpaid interest, in the event that we generate a certain amount of net proceeds from the sale of assets outside the ordinary course of business, and such net proceeds are not otherwise used for specified purposes within a specified time period as described in the indenture governing our Old Notes;
Debt instrument redemption price percent if experience certain specified change of control events				101.00%
Kronos International, Inc \| 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due September 15, 2025 \| On or After March 15, 2028
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, redemption price percentage				100.00%
Kronos International, Inc \| 9.50% Senior Secured Notes
Long-term debt
Debt instrument, interest payment terms						bear interest at 9.50% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, payments begin on September 15, 2024;
Debt instrument, frequency of periodic payment of interest						semi-annually
Debt instrument, date of first semi-annual interest payment					--03-15
Debt instrument, date of second semi-annual interest payment					--09-15
Debt Instrument, date of first required semi-annual payment					Sep. 15, 2024
Kronos International, Inc \| 9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Collateral Pledged \| Direct Domestic Subsidiary of KII and Guarantors \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Ownership interest percentage owned by parent	100.00%						100.00%
Kronos International, Inc \| 9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Collateral Pledged \| Non US Subsidiary Directly Owned by KII or any Guarantor \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Ownership interest percentage owned by parent	65.00%						65.00%
Kronos International, Inc \| 9.50% Senior Secured Notes \| Collateral Pledged \| Non US Subsidiary Directly Owned by KII or any Guarantor \| Non-voting Common Stock \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Ownership interest percentage owned by parent	100.00%						100.00%

Leases - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Leases
Operating lease payment	$ 5.6	$ 5.5	$ 7.7
Operating lease, expense	5.6	$ 5.5	7.7
Operating lease, liability	$ 22.5
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term	14 years	15 years
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate	5.00%	5.00%
New Operating Leases
Leases
Operating lease, liability	$ 4.6	$ 6.6	$ 3.8
Leverkusen Facility Land Lease
Leases
Agreements expiry period	2050
Current Tio2 production capacity in Leverkusen facility	33.00%
Operating lease, liability	$ 7.4

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture - Summary of Balance Sheets of LPC (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets	$ 1,117.4	$ 1,242.2
Property and equipment, net	482.9	484.5
Total assets	1,838.0	1,934.4
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,838.0	1,934.4
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
ASSETS
Current assets	118.5	122.2
Property and equipment, net	148.4	147.4
Total assets	266.9	269.6
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Other liabilities, primarily current	42.1	41.2
Partners' equity	224.8	228.4
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 266.9	$ 269.6

- Definition

Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (bb)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 25
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479440/944-210-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(8))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 26: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479853/942-210-S99-1

+ Details

- Definition

Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (bb)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 25
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(9))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7

+ Details

- Definition

Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 25
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 810
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (bb)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(14))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30

Reference 22: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

+ Details

- Definition

Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.

+ References + Details

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Leases

Leases

Note 7 – Leases:

We enter into various operating leases for manufacturing facilities, land and equipment. Our operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current operating lease liabilities and noncurrent operating lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 9. Our principal German operating subsidiary leases the land under its Leverkusen TiO₂ production facility pursuant to a lease that expires in 2050. The Leverkusen facility itself, which we own and which represents approximately one-third of our current TiO₂ production capacity, is located within an extensive manufacturing complex.

During 2021, 2022 and 2023, our operating lease expense approximated $7.7 million, $5.5 million and $5.6 million, respectively (which approximates the amount of cash paid during each year for our operating leases included in the determination of our cash flows from operating activities). During 2021, 2022 and 2023, variable lease expense and short-term lease expense were not material. During 2021, 2022 and 2023, we entered into new operating leases which resulted in the recognition of $3.8 million, $6.6 million and $4.6 million, respectively, in right-of-use operating lease assets and corresponding liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2022 and 2023, the weighted average remaining lease term of our operating leases was approximately 15 years and 14 years, respectively, and the weighted average discount rate associated with such leases was approximately 5.0% in both 2022 and 2023. Such average remaining lease term is weighted based on each arrangement’s lease obligation, and such average discount rate is weighted based on each arrangement’s total remaining lease payments.

At December 31, 2023, maturities of our operating lease liabilities were as follows:


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	4.6
2025		3.6
2026		3.3
2027		2.2
2028		2.0
2029 and thereafter		17.0
Total remaining lease payments		32.7
Less imputed interest		10.2
Total lease obligations		22.5
Less current obligations		3.9
Long term lease obligations	$	18.6

With respect to our land lease associated with our Leverkusen facility, we periodically establish the amount of rent for such land lease for periods of at least two years at a time. The lease agreement provides for no formula, index or other mechanism to determine changes in the rent of such land lease; rather, any change in the rent is subject solely to periodic negotiation. As such, we will account for any change in the rent associated with such lease as a lease modification. Of the $22.5 million total lease obligations at December 31, 2023, $7.4 million relates to our Leverkusen facility land lease.

At December 31, 2023, we have no significant lease commitments that have not yet commenced.

Financial instruments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Financial instruments

Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value but which Require Fair Value Disclosure


	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2023
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	amount		value		amount		value

	(In millions)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	334.6	$	334.6	$	202.1	$	202.1
Long-term debt - Fixed rate 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025		424.1		374.2		440.9		424.5

Related party transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Related party transactions

Related party transactions

Note 14 – Related party transactions:

We may be deemed to be controlled by Ms. Simmons and the Family Trust. See Note 1. Corporations that may be deemed to be controlled by or affiliated with such individuals sometimes engage in (a) intercorporate transactions such as guarantees, management and expense sharing arrangements, shared fee arrangements, joint ventures, partnerships, loans, options, advances of funds on open account, and sales, leases and exchanges of assets, including securities issued by both related and unrelated parties and (b) common investment and acquisition strategies, business combinations, reorganizations, recapitalizations, securities repurchases, and purchases and sales (and other acquisitions and dispositions) of subsidiaries, divisions or other business units, which transactions have involved both related and unrelated parties and have included transactions which resulted in the acquisition by one related party of a publicly-held noncontrolling interest in another related party. While no transactions of the type described above are planned or proposed with respect to us other than as set forth in these financial statements, we continuously consider, review and evaluate, and understand that Contran and related entities consider, review and evaluate such transactions. Depending upon the business, tax and other objectives then relevant, it is possible that we might be a party to one or more such transactions in the future.

Receivables from and payables to affiliates are summarized in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Current receivables from affiliates:
LPC	$	-	$	16.9
Other		2.7		.4
	$	2.7	$	17.3

Current payables to affiliates:
LPC	$	17.1	$	19.9
Income taxes payable to Valhi		5.8		10.8
Other		-		.6
	$	22.9	$	31.3

Noncurrent payable to affiliate -
Income taxes payable to Valhi (See Note 12)	$	33.5	$	18.6

Amounts payable to LPC are generally for the purchase of TiO₂, while amounts receivable from LPC are generally from the sale of TiO₂ feedstock. See Note 5. Purchases of TiO₂ from LPC totaled $188.6 million in 2021, $225.6 million in 2022 and $231.7 million in 2023. Sales of feedstock to LPC totaled $85.4 million in 2021, $106.9 million in 2022 and $135.1 million in 2023.

From time to time, we may have loans and advances outstanding between us and various related parties pursuant to term and demand notes. We generally enter into these loans and advances for cash management purposes. When we loan funds to related parties, we are generally able to earn a higher rate of return on the loan than we would earn if we invested the funds in other instruments, and when we borrow from related parties, we are generally able to pay a lower rate of interest than we would pay if we had incurred third-party indebtedness. While certain of these loans to affiliates may be of a lesser credit quality than cash equivalent instruments otherwise available to us, we believe we have considered the credit risks in the terms of the applicable loans.

In this regard:

●

prior to 2020 we entered into an unsecured revolving demand promissory note with Valhi under which as amended, we have agreed to loan Valhi up to $25 million. Our loan to Valhi bore interest at prime plus 1.00%, payable quarterly, with all principal due on demand, but in any event no earlier than December 31, 2024. Loans made to Valhi at any time were at our discretion. At December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, we had no outstanding loans to Valhi under this promissory note. In February 2024, this note was cancelled by mutual agreement between us and Valhi.

●

In February 2024, we received a $53.7 million subordinated, unsecured term loan from Contran. See Note 8.

Interest income (including unused commitment fees) on our loan to Valhi was $.2 million in each of 2021 and 2022 and $.1 million in 2023.

Under the terms of various intercorporate services agreements (ISAs) entered into between us and various related parties, including Contran, employees of one company will provide certain management, tax planning, financial and administrative services to the other company on a fee basis. Such fees are based upon the compensation of individual Contran employees providing services for us and/or estimates of the time devoted to our affairs by such persons. Because of the number of companies affiliated with Contran, we believe we benefit from cost savings and economies of scale gained by not having certain management, financial and administrative staffs duplicated at each entity, thus allowing certain individuals to provide services to multiple companies but only be compensated by one entity. We negotiate fees annually and agreements renew quarterly. The net ISA fee charged to us by Contran is included in selling, general and

administrative expense and corporate expense and was $24.0 million in 2021, $24.5 million in 2022 and $22.6 million in 2023.

Contran and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates, including us, purchase certain of their insurance policies and risk management services as a group, with the costs of the jointly-owned policies and services being apportioned among the participating companies. Tall Pines Insurance Company (Tall Pines), a subsidiary of Valhi, underwrites certain insurance policies for Contran and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates, including us. Tall Pines purchases reinsurance from highly rated (as determined by A. M. Best or another internationally recognized ratings agency) third-party insurance carriers for substantially all of the risks it underwrites. Consistent with insurance industry practices, Tall Pines receives commissions from the reinsurance underwriters and/or assesses fees for certain of the policies that it underwrites. During 2021, 2022 and 2023 we and our joint venture paid $23.2 million, $20.8 million and $24.8 million, respectively, under the group insurance program, which amounts principally represent insurance premiums, including $18.6 million, $17.3 million and $19.6 million, respectively, for policies written by Tall Pines. Amounts paid under the group insurance program also include payments to insurers or reinsurers for the reimbursement of claims within our applicable deductible or retention ranges that such insurers and reinsurers paid to third parties on our behalf, as well as amounts for claims and risk management services and various other third-party fees and expenses incurred by the program. We expect these relationships will continue in 2024.

With respect to certain of such jointly-owned policies, it is possible that unusually large losses incurred by one or more insureds during a given policy period could leave the other participating companies without adequate coverage under that policy for the balance of the policy period. As a result, and in the event that the available coverage under a particular policy would become exhausted by one or more claims, Contran and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates, including us, have entered into a loss sharing agreement under which any uninsured loss arising because the available coverage had been exhausted by one or more claims will be shared ratably by those entities that had submitted claims under the relevant policy. We believe the benefits, in the form of reduced premiums and broader coverage associated with the group coverage for such policies, justifies the risk associated with the potential for any uninsured loss.

Contran and certain of its subsidiaries, including us, participate in a combined information technology data services program that Contran provides for primary data processing and failover. The program apportions its costs among the participating companies. The aggregate amount we paid Contran for such services was $.3 million in each of 2021 and 2022 and $.4 million in 2023. Under the terms of a sublease agreement between Contran and us, we lease certain office space from Contran. We paid Contran $.4 million in 2021, $.5 million in 2022 and $.6 million in 2023 for such rent and related ancillary services. We expect that these relationships with Contran will continue in 2024.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-5

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-6

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(g)(3))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(e))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//850/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-6

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

+ Details

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (49.1)	$ 104.5	$ 112.9
Depreciation	48.6	51.7	51.3
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets	4.5	4.5	6.6
Deferred income taxes	(39.3)	(1.4)	14.3
Benefit plan expense greater (less) than cash funding	(5.1)	8.7	11.9
Marketable equity securities	1.0	1.0	(2.0)
Distributions from (contributions to) TiO2 manufacturing joint venture, net	3.1	(10.5)	3.8
Fixed asset impairment	3.8
Other, net	1.8	3.5	0.8
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts and other receivables, net	(43.9)	85.7	(58.6)
Inventories, net	56.3	(198.4)	65.8
Prepaid expenses	6.3	(12.5)	(20.5)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	33.9	36.7	47.2
Income taxes	8.2	(0.1)	(1.6)
Accounts with affiliates	(26.0)	8.7	(26.3)
Other noncurrent assets	0.8	0.3	(5.1)
Other noncurrent liabilities	0.6	(0.7)	6.0
Net cash provided by operating activities	5.5	81.7	206.5
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(47.4)	(63.2)	(58.6)
Other		0.1
Net cash used in investing activities	(47.4)	(63.1)	(58.6)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on long-term debt	(1.1)	(1.3)	(1.4)
Deferred financing fees	(0.1)	(0.1)	(1.9)
Dividends paid	(87.5)	(87.8)	(83.2)
Treasury stock acquired	(2.9)	(2.3)	(0.2)
Net cash used in financing activities	(91.6)	(91.5)	(86.7)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash - net change from:
Operating, investing and financing activities	(133.5)	(72.9)	61.2
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash	1.0	(5.1)	(10.6)
Net change for the year	(132.5)	(78.0)	50.6
Balance at beginning of year	334.6	412.6	362.0
Balance at end of year	202.1	334.6	412.6
Cash paid for:
Interest, net of amount capitalized	15.8	15.7	18.0
Income taxes	17.3	37.3	41.6
Accrual for capital expenditures	$ 1.1	$ 6.6	$ 4.8

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture - Additional Information (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity earnings of LPC	$ 0
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest in LPC	50.00%
Venator Materials PLC
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest in LPC	50.00%
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Products purchased from plant	50.00%
Venator Materials PLC \| Venator Group
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership interest percentage owned by parent	100.00%

Marketable securities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Marketable securities

Classification of Marketable securities


	Fair value
	measurement	Market		Cost		Unrealized
Marketable security	level	value		basis		loss

		(In millions)
December 31, 2022:
Valhi common stock	1	$	3.2	$	3.2	$	-

December 31, 2023:
Valhi common stock	1	$	2.2	$	3.2	$	(1.0)

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Composition of Pension Plan Assets (Detail) - Defined benefit pension plans - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	$ 435.1	$ 395.6
Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	422.6	383.6	$ 470.1
D E
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	269.4	234.0
Other.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	15.9	17.3
U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	12.5	12.0	$ 15.9
Level 1
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	111.2	111.1
Level 1 \| Other.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets		0.4
Level 2
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	19.5	14.8
Level 3
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	292.1	259.0
Level 3 \| D E
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	269.4	234.0
Level 3 \| Other.
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	15.9	16.9
Assets Measured at NAV
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	12.3	10.7
Local currency equities \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets		0.1
Local currency equities \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	2.4	2.3
Local currency equities \| Level 1 \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets		0.1
Local currency equities \| Level 1 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	2.4	2.3
Non local currency equities \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	2.7	11.0
Non local currency equities \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	7.2	4.7
Non local currency equities \| Level 1 \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	2.7	11.0
Non local currency equities \| Level 1 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	7.2	4.7
Local currency fixed income \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	86.2	72.9
Local currency fixed income \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	23.9	21.8
Local currency fixed income \| Level 1 \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	86.2	72.9
Local currency fixed income \| Level 1 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	4.4	7.0
Local currency fixed income \| Level 2 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	19.5	14.8
Cash and other \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	1.1	0.6
Cash and other \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	3.0	2.7
Cash and other \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	0.6	1.2
Cash and other \| Level 1 \| C A
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	1.1	0.6
Cash and other \| Level 1 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	2.8	2.4
Cash and other \| Level 1 \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	0.2	0.9
Cash and other \| Level 3 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	0.2	0.3
Cash and other \| Assets Measured at NAV \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	0.4	0.3
Non local currency fixed income \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	4.2	8.4
Non local currency fixed income \| Level 1 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	4.2	8.4
Real estate \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	6.6	7.8
Real estate \| Level 3 \| N O
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	6.6	7.8
Equity \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	3.5	3.8
Equity \| Level 1 \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets		0.3
Equity \| Assets Measured at NAV \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	3.5	3.5
Fixed Income \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	8.4	7.0
Fixed Income \| Level 1 \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets		0.1
Fixed Income \| Assets Measured at NAV \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Pension plan assets	$ 8.4	$ 6.9

Summary of significant accounting policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of significant accounting policies

Summary of significant accounting policies

Note 1 – Summary of significant accounting policies:

Organization and basis of presentation – At December 31, 2023, Valhi, Inc. (NYSE: VHI) held approximately 50% of our outstanding common stock and a wholly-owned subsidiary of NL Industries, Inc. (NYSE: NL) held approximately 31% of our common stock. Valhi owned approximately 83% of NL’s outstanding common stock and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Contran Corporation held approximately 91% of Valhi’s outstanding common stock. A majority of Contran’s outstanding voting stock is held directly by Lisa K. Simmons, Thomas C. Connelly (the husband of Ms. Simmons’ late sister), and various family trusts established for the benefit of Ms. Simmons, Mr. Connelly and their children and for which Ms. Simmons or Mr. Connelly, as applicable, serve as trustee (collectively, the “Other Trusts”). With respect to the Other Trusts for which Mr. Connelly serves as trustee, he is required to vote the shares of Contran voting stock held in such trusts in the same manner as Ms. Simmons. Such voting rights of Ms. Simmons last through April 22, 2030 and are personal to Ms. Simmons. The remainder of Contran’s outstanding voting stock is held by another trust (the “Family Trust”), which was established for the benefit of Ms. Simmons and her late sister and their children and for which a third-party financial institution serves as trustee. Consequently, at December 31, 2023, Ms. Simmons and the Family Trust may be deemed to control Contran, and therefore may be deemed to indirectly control the wholly-owned subsidiary of Contran, Valhi, NL and us.

Unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Kronos Worldwide, Inc. and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

Management’s estimates – In preparing our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ significantly from previously estimated amounts under different assumptions or conditions.

Principles of consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our majority-owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all material intercompany accounts and balances.

Translation of currencies – We translate the assets and liabilities of our subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar at year-end exchange rates, while we translate our revenues and expenses at average exchange rates prevailing during the year. We accumulate the resulting translation adjustments in stockholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of related deferred income taxes. We recognize currency transaction gains and losses in income currently.

Derivatives and hedging activities – We recognize derivatives as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value. We recognize the effect of changes in the fair value of derivatives either in net income or other comprehensive income (loss), depending on the intended use of the derivative.

Cash and cash equivalents – We classify bank time deposits and highly-liquid investments, including government and commercial notes and bills, with original maturities of three months or less as cash equivalents.

Restricted cash – We classify cash that has been segregated or is otherwise limited in use as restricted. Such restrictions or limitations relate primarily to financial assurance for landfill closure obligations at our Belgium facility and certain Norwegian payroll tax and employee benefit obligations. To the extent the restricted amount relates to a recognized liability, we classify such restricted amount as either a current or noncurrent asset to correspond with the classification of

the liability. To the extent the restricted amount does not relate to a recognized liability, we classify restricted cash as a current asset. Restricted cash classified as a current asset and restricted cash classified as a noncurrent asset are presented separately on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Marketable securities and securities transactions – We carry marketable securities at fair value. Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and (with certain exceptions) this framework is generally applied to all financial statement items required to be measured at fair value. The standard requires fair value measurements to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

●

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

●

Level 2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the assets or liability; and

●

Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

We classify all of our marketable securities as available-for-sale. Unrealized gains or losses on the marketable equity securities are recognized in Other income (expense) - Marketable equity securities on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We accumulate unrealized gains and losses on marketable debt securities as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of related deferred income taxes. We base realized gains and losses upon the specific identification of the securities sold. See Notes 6 and 10.

Accounts receivable – We provide an allowance for doubtful accounts for known and estimated potential losses arising from sales to customers based on a periodic review of these accounts. See Note 3.

Inventories and cost of sales – We state inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value, net of allowance for obsolete and slow-moving inventories. We generally base inventory costs for all inventory categories on average cost that approximates the first-in, first-out method. Inventories include the costs for raw materials, the cost to manufacture the raw materials into finished goods and overhead. Depending on the inventory’s stage of completion, our manufacturing costs can include the costs of packing and finishing, utilities, maintenance, depreciation and salaries and benefits associated with our manufacturing process. We allocate fixed manufacturing overhead costs based on normal production capacity. Unallocated overhead costs resulting from periods with abnormally low production levels are charged to expense as incurred. As inventory is sold to third parties, we recognize the cost of sales in the same period that the sale occurs. We periodically review our inventory for estimated obsolescence or instances when inventory is no longer marketable for its intended use, and we record any write-down equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and its estimated net realizable value based on assumptions about alternative uses, market conditions and other factors. See Note 4.

Investment in TiO₂ manufacturing joint venture – We account for our investment in a 50%-owned manufacturing joint venture by the equity method. Distributions received from such investee are classified for statement of cash flow purposes using the “nature of distribution” approach under ASC Topic 320. See Note 5.

Leases – We enter into various arrangements (or leases) that convey the rights to use and control identified underlying assets for a period of time in exchange for consideration. We lease various manufacturing facilities, land and equipment. From time to time, we may also enter into an arrangement in which the right to use and control an identified underlying asset is embedded in another type of contract.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease (including leases embedded in another type of contract) at inception. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, current operating lease liabilities and noncurrent operating lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 9. As permitted by ASC Topic 842, Leases, we elected the practical expedients related to nonlease components (in which nonlease components associated with a lease and paid by us to the lessor, such as property taxes, insurance and maintenance, are treated as a lease component and considered part of minimum lease rental payments), and short-term

leases (in which leases with an original maturity of 12 months or less are excluded from the recognition requirements of ASC 842).

Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The right-of-use operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term as of the respective lease commencement dates.

We use an estimated incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments (unless we can determine the rate implicit in the lease, which is generally not the case). Our incremental borrowing rate for each of our leases is derived from available information, including our current debt and credit facility and U.S. and European yield curves as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics, adjusted for factors such as collateralization and term.

Our leases generally do not include termination or purchase options. Certain of our leases include an option to renew the lease after expiration of the initial lease term, but we have not included such renewal periods in our lease term because it is not reasonably certain that we would exercise the renewal option. Our leases generally have fixed lease payments, with no contingent or incentive payments. Certain of our leases include variable lease payments that depend on a specified index or rate. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees.

Property and equipment and depreciation – We state property and equipment at cost, including capitalized interest on borrowings during the actual construction period of major capital projects. Capitalized interest costs were $1.1 million in 2021, $1.2 million in 2022 and $1.5 million in 2023. We compute depreciation of property and equipment for financial reporting purposes (including mining equipment) principally by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:


Asset		Useful lives
Buildings and improvements		10 to 40 years
Machinery and equipment		3 to 20 years
Mine development costs		units-of-production

We use accelerated depreciation methods for income tax purposes, as permitted. Upon the sale or retirement of an asset, we remove the related cost and accumulated depreciation from the accounts and recognize any gain or loss in income currently.

We expense costs incurred for maintenance, repairs and minor renewals (including planned major maintenance) while we capitalize expenditures for major improvements.

We have a governmental concession with an unlimited term to operate our ilmenite mine in Norway. Mining properties consist of buildings and equipment used in our Norwegian ilmenite mining operations. While we own the land and ilmenite reserves associated with the mining operations, such land and reserves were acquired for nominal value and we have no material asset recognized for the land and reserves related to our mining operations.

We perform impairment tests when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. We consider all relevant factors. We perform the impairment test by comparing the estimated future undiscounted cash flows (exclusive of interest expense) associated with the asset to the asset’s net carrying value to determine if a write-down to fair value is required. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we recorded a fixed asset impairment of $3.8 million related to the write-off of certain costs resulting from a capital project termination. Excluding this project, we did not evaluate any long-lived assets for impairment during 2023 because no such impairment indicators were present.

Long-term debt – We state long-term debt net of any unamortized original issue premium, discount or deferred financing costs (other than deferred financing costs associated with revolving credit facilities, which are recognized as an asset). We classify amortization of all deferred financing costs and any premium or discount associated with the issuance of indebtedness as interest expense and compute such amortization by either the interest method or the straight-line method over the term of the applicable issue. See Note 8.

Employee benefit plans – Accounting and funding policies for our defined benefit pension and defined contribution retirement plans are described in Note 10. We also provide certain postretirement benefits other than pensions (OPEB), consisting of health care and life insurance benefits, to certain U.S. and Canadian retired employees, which are not material. See Note 11.

Income taxes – We, Valhi and our qualifying subsidiaries are members of Contran’s consolidated U.S. federal income tax group (the Contran Tax Group) and we and certain of our qualifying subsidiaries also file consolidated income tax returns with Contran in various U.S. state jurisdictions. As a member of the Contran Tax Group, we are jointly and severally liable for the federal income tax liability of Contran and the other companies included in the Contran Tax Group for all periods in which we are included in the Contran Tax Group. See Note 15. As a member of the Contran Tax Group, we are a party to a tax sharing agreement which provides that we compute our provision for U.S. income taxes on a separate-company basis using the tax elections made by Contran. Pursuant to the tax sharing agreement, we make payments to or receive payments from Valhi in amounts we would have paid to or received from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or the applicable state tax authority had we not been a member of the Contran Tax Group. We made net payments of income taxes to Valhi of $17.6 million, $15.9 million and $11.8 million in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

We recognize deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the income tax and financial reporting carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, including investments in our subsidiaries and affiliates who are not members of the Contran Tax Group and undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries which are not deemed to be permanently reinvested. At December 31, 2023, we continue to assert indefinite reinvestment as it relates to our outside basis difference attributable to our investments in our non-U.S. subsidiaries, other than post-1986 undistributed earnings of our European subsidiaries and all undistributed earnings of our Canadian subsidiary, which are not subject to permanent reinvestment plans. It is not practical for us to determine the amount of the unrecognized deferred income tax liability related to our investments in our non-U.S. subsidiaries which are permanently reinvested due to the complexities associated with our organizational structure, changes in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017 Tax Act), and the U.S. taxation of such investments in the states in which we operate. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities for each tax-paying jurisdiction in which we operate are netted and presented as either a noncurrent deferred income tax asset or liability, as applicable. We periodically evaluate our deferred tax assets in the various taxing jurisdictions in which we operate and adjust any related valuation allowance based on the estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets that we believe does not meet the more-likely-than-not recognition criteria.

The 2017 Tax Act imposed a tax on global intangible low-tax income (GILTI). We record GILTI tax as a current-period expense when incurred under the period cost method. While our future global operations depend on a number of different factors, we do expect to have future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI.

We account for the tax effects of a change in tax law as a component of the income tax provision related to continuing operations in the period of enactment, including the tax effects of any deferred income taxes originally established through a financial statement component other than continuing operations (i.e. other comprehensive income). Changes in applicable income tax rates over time as a result of changes in tax law, or times in which a deferred income tax asset valuation allowance is initially recognized in one year and subsequently reversed in a later year, can give rise to “stranded” tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income in which the net accumulated income tax (benefit) remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income does not correspond to the then-applicable income tax rate applied to the pre-tax amount which resides in accumulated other comprehensive income. As permitted by GAAP, our accounting policy is to remove any such stranded tax effect remaining in accumulated other comprehensive income by recognizing an offset to our provision for income taxes related to continuing operations, only at the time when there is no remaining pre-tax amount in accumulated other comprehensive income. For accumulated other comprehensive income related to currency translation, this would occur only upon the sale or complete liquidation of one of our non-U.S. subsidiaries. For defined pension benefit plans and OPEB plans, this would occur whenever one of our subsidiaries which previously sponsored a defined benefit pension or OPEB plan had terminated such a plan and had no future obligation or plan asset associated with such a plan.

We record a reserve for uncertain tax positions for tax positions where we believe that it is more-likely-than-not our position will not prevail with the applicable tax authorities. The amount of the benefit associated with our uncertain tax positions that we recognize is limited to the largest amount for which we believe the likelihood of realization is greater

than 50%. We accrue penalties and interest on the difference between tax positions taken on our tax returns and the amount of benefit recognized for financial reporting purposes. We classify our reserves for uncertain tax positions in a separate current or noncurrent liability, depending on the nature of the tax position. See Note 12.

Net sales – Our sales involve single performance obligations to ship our products pursuant to customer purchase orders. In some cases, the purchase order is supported by an underlying master sales agreement, but our purchase order acceptance generally evidences the contract with our customer by specifying the key terms of product and quantity ordered, price and delivery and payment terms. In accordance with Revenues from Contracts with Customers, (ASC 606), we record revenue when we satisfy our performance obligation to our customers by transferring control of our products to them, which generally occurs at point of shipment or upon delivery. Such transfer of control is also evidenced by transfer of legal title and other risks and rewards of ownership (giving the customer the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the benefits of, the product), and our customers becoming obligated to pay us and it is probable we will receive payment. In certain arrangements we provide shipping and handling activities after the transfer of control to our customer (e.g. when control transfers prior to delivery) that are considered fulfillment activities, and accordingly, such costs are accrued when the related revenue is recognized. Sales arrangements with consignment customers occur when our product is shipped to a consignment customer location but we maintain control until the product is used in the customer’s manufacturing process. In these instances, we recognize sales when the consignment customer uses our product, as control of our product has not passed to the customer until that time and all other revenue recognition criteria have been satisfied.

Revenue is recorded in an amount that reflects the net consideration we expect to receive in exchange for our products. Prices for our products are based on terms specified in published list prices and purchase orders, which generally do not include financing components, noncash consideration or consideration paid to our customers. As our standard payment terms are less than one year, we have elected the practical expedient under ASC 606 and have not assessed whether a contract has a significant financing component. We state sales net of price, early payment and distributor discounts and volume rebates (collectively, variable consideration). Variable consideration, to the extent present, is recognized as the amount to which we are most-likely to be entitled, using all information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us, and only to the extent that a significant reversal in the amount of the cumulative revenue recognized is not probable of occurring in a future period. Differences, if any, between estimates of the amount of variable consideration to which we will be entitled and the actual amount of such variable consideration have not been material in the past. Amounts received or receivable from our customers with respect to variable consideration we expect to refund to our customers is recognized as a current liability and classified as accrued sales discounts and rebates. See Note 9. We report any tax assessed by a governmental authority that we collect from our customers that is both imposed on and concurrent with our revenue-producing activities (such as sales, use, value added and excise taxes) on a net basis (meaning we do not recognize these taxes either in our revenues or in our costs and expenses).

Frequently, we receive orders for products to be delivered over dates that may extend across reporting periods. We invoice for each delivery upon shipment and recognize revenue for each distinct shipment when all sales recognition criteria for that shipment have been satisfied. As scheduled delivery dates for these orders are within a one-year period, under the optional exemption provided by ASC 606, we do not disclose sales allocated to future shipments of partially completed contracts.

ASC 606 requires a disaggregation of our sales into categories that depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. We have determined such disaggregation of our sales is the same as the disclosure of our sales by place of manufacture (point of origin) and to the location of the customer (point of destination). See Note 2.

Selling, general and administrative expense; distribution costs – Selling, general and administrative expense includes costs related to marketing, sales, distribution (shipping and handling), research and development, legal and administrative functions such as accounting, treasury and finance, and includes costs for salaries and benefits not associated with our manufacturing process, travel and entertainment, promotional materials and professional fees. We include distribution costs (shipping and handling) in selling, general and administrative expense and these costs were $132 million in 2021, $122 million in 2022 and $101 million in 2023. We expense research and development costs as incurred, and these costs were $17 million in 2021, $15 million in 2022 and $18 million in 2023. We expense advertising costs as incurred and these costs were not material in any year presented.

Accounts and other receivables, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Accounts and other receivables, net

Accounts and other receivables, net

Note 3 – Accounts and other receivables, net:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Trade receivables	$	220.3	$	273.6
Recoverable VAT and other receivables		28.5		23.8
Refundable income taxes		7.1		1.9
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(3.5)		(4.1)
Total	$	252.4	$	295.2

Restructuring Costs

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Restructuring costs

Restructuring costs

Note 18 – Restructuring costs:

As part of overall cost saving measures to improve our long-term cost structure, during the third quarter of 2023 we began implementing certain voluntary and involuntary workforce reductions. A substantial portion of our workforce reductions were accomplished through voluntary programs for which eligible workforce reduction costs are recognized at the time both the employee and employer are irrevocably committed to the terms of the separation. These workforce reductions impacted approximately 100 individuals and are substantially completed. We recognized a total of approximately $6 million in selling, general and administrative expense related to these workforce reductions in 2023. We do not expect to accrue any further material amounts associated with the affected individuals who are providing service to us past December 31, 2023. Accrued severance costs at December 31, 2023 are expected to be paid by the first quarter of 2024 and are included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities – Other on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. See Note 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

A summary of the activity in our accrued workforce reduction costs for 2023 is shown in the table below (in millions):


Accrued workforce reduction costs as of January 1, 2023	$	-
Workforce reduction costs accrued		5.8
Workforce reduction costs paid		(.9)
Currency translation adjustments, net		.1

Accrued workforce reduction costs at December 31, 2023	$	5.0

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Current liability	$	5.0
Noncurrent liability		-

	$	5.0

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Louisiana pigment company, L.P

Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]

Summary of Net Cash Distributions, Balance Sheets and Income Statements


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Distributions from LPC	$	28.5	$	58.3	$	52.8
Contributions to LPC		(24.7)		(68.8)		(49.7)
Net distributions (contributions)	$	3.8	$	(10.5)	$	3.1

Summary balance sheets of LPC are shown below:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets	$	122.2	$	118.5
Property and equipment, net		147.4		148.4
Total assets	$	269.6	$	266.9

LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS’ EQUITY
Other liabilities, primarily current	$	41.2	$	42.1
Partners’ equity		228.4		224.8
Total liabilities and partners’ equity	$	269.6	$	266.9

Summary income statements of LPC are shown below:


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Revenues and other income:
Kronos	$	188.6	$	225.6	$	231.7
Venator Investments		189.6		225.9		231.7
Total revenues and other income		378.2		451.5		463.4

Cost and expenses:
Cost of sales		377.8		451.1		463.0
General and administrative		.4		.4		.4
Total costs and expenses		378.2		451.5		463.4
Net income	$	-	$	-	$	-

Income taxes - Components of Net Deferred Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income taxes
Inventories	$ 1.1
Lease assets (liabilities)	5.7	$ 5.3
Accrued OPEB costs	1.8	1.7
Accrued pension costs	26.8	21.6
Other accrued liabilities and deductible differences	16.9	15.3
Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards	107.7	70.7
Valuation allowance	(6.4)	(3.8)
Adjusted gross deferred tax assets (liabilities)	153.6	110.8
Netting by tax jurisdiction	(70.3)	(58.8)
Net noncurrent deferred tax asset (liability)	83.3	52.0
Inventories, Liabilities		(5.5)
Property and equipment, Liabilities	(59.3)	(59.1)
Lease, Liabilities	(5.7)	(5.4)
Other taxable differences	(3.5)	(3.9)
Tax on unremitted earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries	(10.8)	(11.3)
Adjusted gross deferred tax, Liabilities	(79.3)	(85.2)
Netting by tax jurisdiction, Liabilities	70.3	58.8
Net noncurrent deferred tax, Liability	$ (9.0)	$ (26.4)

Commitments and contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Commitments and contingencies

Summary of Approximate Percentage of TiO2 Sales by Volume


	2021	2022	2023
Europe	46%	45%	44%
North America	37%	39%	41%

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

Note 9 – Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accounts payable	$	177.2	$	218.7
Accrued sales discounts and rebates		25.6		22.5
Employee benefits		22.9		24.7
Operating lease liabilities		3.8		3.9
Other		59.9		54.3
Total	$	289.4	$	324.1

Financial Instruments - Additional Information (Detail)	Dec. 31, 2023 EUR (€)
Three Point Seven Five Percentage Senior Secured Notes Due September Two Thousand Twenty Five [Member]
Financial Instrument At Fair Value [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate	3.75%
Senior Notes
Financial Instrument At Fair Value [Line Items]
Debt instrument base principal amount	€ 1,000
Debt instrument estimated market price per 1000 principal amount	€ 959

Related party transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Related party transactions

Summary of Receivables from and Payables to Affiliates

Receivables from and payables to affiliates are summarized in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Current receivables from affiliates:
LPC	$	-	$	16.9
Other		2.7		.4
	$	2.7	$	17.3

Current payables to affiliates:
LPC	$	17.1	$	19.9
Income taxes payable to Valhi		5.8		10.8
Other		-		.6
	$	22.9	$	31.3

Noncurrent payable to affiliate -
Income taxes payable to Valhi (See Note 12)	$	33.5	$	18.6

Long-term debt - Components of Long-Term Debt (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Long-term debt
Kronos International, Inc. 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025	$ 440.9	$ 424.1
Other		1.1
Total debt	440.9	425.2
Less current maturities		1.1
Total long-term debt	440.9	424.1
Kronos International, Inc
Long-term debt
Kronos International, Inc. 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025	440.9	424.1
Kronos International, Inc \| 3.75% Senior Notes
Long-term debt
Kronos International, Inc. 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025	$ 440.9	$ 424.1

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482900/835-30-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69C

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69E

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69F
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69F

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1D
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1F
-Subparagraph (b)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1F

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

+ Details

- Definition

Amount, after deduction of unamortized premium (discount) and debt issuance cost, of long-term debt. Excludes lease obligation.

+ References + Details

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Rollforward of Change in Fair Value of Level 3 Assets (Details) - Level 3 - Defined benefit pension plans - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Assets Measured On Recurring Basis Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair value at beginning of year	$ 259.0	$ 310.3
Gain (loss) on assets held at end of year	11.1	(31.0)
Gain (loss) on assets sold during the year	14.4	(0.7)
Assets purchased	1.7	13.8
Assets sold	(3.5)	(14.9)
Currency exchange rate fluctuations	9.4	(18.5)
Fair value at end of year	$ 292.1	$ 259.0

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 194.7	$ 327.8
Restricted cash	2.2	2.0
Accounts and other receivables, net	295.2	252.4
Receivables from affiliates	17.3	2.7
Inventories, net	564.6	608.7
Prepaid expenses and other	43.4	48.6
Total current assets	1,117.4	1,242.2
Other assets:
Investment in TiO2 manufacturing joint venture	111.0	112.9
Restricted cash	5.2	4.8
Marketable securities	2.2	3.2
Operating lease right-of-use assets	22.7	21.5
Deferred income taxes	83.3	52.0
Other	13.3	13.3
Total other assets	237.7	207.7
Property and equipment:
Land	44.7	41.9
Buildings	236.8	214.7
Equipment	1,172.0	1,093.2
Mining properties	130.5	119.6
Construction in progress	22.9	76.5
Gross property and equipment	1,606.9	1,545.9
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	1,124.0	1,061.4
Net property and equipment	482.9	484.5
Total assets	1,838.0	1,934.4
Current liabilities:
Current maturities of long-term debt		1.1
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	324.1	289.4
Payables to affiliates	31.3	22.9
Income taxes	15.4	13.3
Total current liabilities	370.8	326.7
Noncurrent liabilities:
Total long-term debt	440.9	424.1
Accrued pension costs	150.0	128.6
Payable to affiliate - income taxes	18.6	33.5
Operating lease liabilities	18.6	17.4
Deferred income taxes	9.0	26.4
Other	21.8	20.5
Total noncurrent liabilities	658.9	650.5
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $.01 par value; 240.0 shares authorized; 115.1 shares issued and outstanding	1.2	1.2
Additional paid-in capital	1,390.2	1,394.3
Retained deficit	(242.0)	(105.4)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(341.1)	(331.5)
Treasury stock, at cost		(1.4)
Total stockholders' equity	808.3	957.2
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,838.0	1,934.4
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 12 and 15)
Related party
Current liabilities:
Payables to affiliates	31.3	22.9
Noncurrent liabilities:
Payable to affiliate - income taxes	$ 18.6	$ 33.5

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans

Note 10 – Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans:

Defined contribution plans – We maintain various defined contribution pension plans with our contributions based on matching or other formulas. Defined contribution plan expense approximated $3.9 million in each of 2021 and 2022 and $4.1 million in 2023.

Defined benefit pension plans – We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans. Certain non-U.S. employees are covered by plans in their respective countries. Our U.S. plan was closed to new participants in 1996, and existing participants no longer accrue any additional benefits after that date. The benefits under all of our defined benefit pension plans are based upon years of service and employee compensation. Our funding policy is to contribute annually the

minimum amount required under ERISA (or equivalent non-U.S.) regulations plus additional amounts as we deem appropriate. We recognize an asset or liability for the over or under funded status of each of our individual defined benefit pension plans on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the funded status of these plans are recognized either in net income, to the extent they are reflected in periodic benefit cost, or through other comprehensive income (loss).

We expect to contribute the equivalent of approximately $17 million to all of our defined benefit pension plans during 2024. Benefit payments to plan participants out of plan assets are expected to be the equivalent of:


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	25.4
2025		25.3
2026		25.9
2027		28.8
2028		33.0
Next 5 years		157.8

The funded status of our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Change in projected benefit obligations (PBO):
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	$	748.1	$	502.8
Service cost		11.3		6.3
Interest cost		10.5		19.7
Participant contributions		1.7		1.8
Actuarial (gains) losses		(195.8)		44.7
Settlements		(1.2)		(3.1)
Change in currency exchange rates		(50.3)		14.0
Benefits paid		(21.5)		(22.5)
Benefit obligations at end of the year		502.8		563.7

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		470.1		383.6
Actual return on plan assets		(49.5)		37.9
Employer contributions		15.0		15.6
Participant contributions		1.7		1.8
Settlements		(1.2)		(3.1)
Change in currency exchange rates		(31.0)		9.3
Benefits paid		(21.5)		(22.5)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		383.6		422.6
Funded status	$	(119.2)	$	(141.1)

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Noncurrent pension asset	$	8.2	$	8.1
Noncurrent accrued pension costs		(127.4)		(149.2)
Total	$	(119.2)	$	(141.1)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Actuarial losses	$	85.4	$	106.8
Prior service cost		.4		.3
Total	$	85.8	$	107.1

Accumulated benefit obligations (ABO)	$	488.0	$	549.8

The total net underfunded status of our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans increased from $119.2 million at December 31, 2022 to $141.1 million at December 31, 2023 due to the change in our PBO during 2023 exceeding the change in plan assets during 2023. The increase in our PBO in 2023 was primarily attributable to higher actuarial losses due to the decrease in discount rates from year end 2022 and unfavorable currency fluctuations, primarily from the weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the euro. The increase in our plan assets in 2023 was primarily attributable to positive plan asset returns in 2023, favorable currency fluctuations (primarily from the weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to the euro) and employer contributions.

The components of our net periodic defined benefit pension cost for our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans are presented in the table below. The amounts shown below for the amortization of prior service cost and recognized actuarial losses for 2021, 2022 and 2023 were recognized as components of our accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively, net of deferred income taxes.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net periodic pension cost (income):
Service cost	$	14.7	$	11.3	$	6.3
Interest cost		8.2		10.5		19.7
Expected return on plan assets		(11.2)		(11.0)		(18.2)
Amortization of prior service cost		.2		.1		.1
Recognized actuarial losses		19.4		12.5		1.8
Settlements		-		.3		1.6
Total	$	31.3	$	23.7	$	11.3

Information concerning certain of our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans (for which the ABO exceeds the fair value of plan assets as of the indicated date) is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Plans for which the ABO exceeds plan assets:
PBO	$	403.5	$	463.1
ABO		392.4		452.9
Fair value of plan assets		276.0		313.8

The weighted-average rate assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of benefit obligations for our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 are presented in the table below.


	December 31,
Rate	2022	2023
Discount rate	3.9%	3.4%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.7%	2.7%

The weighted-average rate assumptions used in determining the net periodic pension cost for our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans for 2021, 2022 and 2023 are presented in the table below.


	Years ended December 31,
Rate	2021	2022	2023
Discount rate	1.0%	1.5%	3.9%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.6%	2.6%	2.7%
Long-term return on plan assets	2.4%	2.5%	4.6%

Variances from actuarially assumed rates will result in increases or decreases in accumulated pension obligations, pension expense and funding requirements in future periods.

The funded status of our U.S. defined benefit pension plan is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Change in PBO:
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	$	17.7	$	13.2
Interest cost		.4		.7
Actuarial (gains) losses		(3.9)		.5
Benefits paid		(1.0)		(1.1)
Benefit obligations at end of the year		13.2		13.3

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		15.9		12.0
Actual return on plan assets		(3.2)		1.1
Employer contributions		.3		.5
Benefits paid		(1.0)		(1.1)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		12.0		12.5
Funded status	$	(1.2)	$	(.8)

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Accrued pension costs:
Current	$	-	$	-
Noncurrent		(1.2)		(.8)
Total	$	(1.2)	$	(.8)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss - actuarial losses	$	9.2	$	8.5

ABO	$	13.2	$	13.3

The components of our net periodic defined benefit pension cost for our U.S. defined benefit pension plan is presented in the table below. The amounts shown below for recognized actuarial losses for 2021, 2022 and 2023 were recognized as components of our accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 respectively, net of deferred income taxes.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net periodic pension cost (income):
Interest cost	$	.5	$	.4	$	.7
Expected return on plan assets		(.6)		(.6)		(.6)
Recognized actuarial losses		.6		.6		.6
Settlements		(.5)		-		-
Total	$	-	$	.4	$	.7

The discount rate assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the benefit obligation for our U.S. defined benefit pension plan as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 are 5.3% and 5.0%, respectively. The impact of assumed increases in future compensation levels does not have an effect on the benefit obligation as the plan is frozen with regards to compensation.

The weighted-average rate assumptions used in determining the net periodic pension cost for our U.S. defined benefit pension plan for 2021, 2022 and 2023 are presented in the table below. The impact of assumed increases in future compensation levels also does not have an effect on the periodic pension cost as the plan is frozen with regards to compensation.


	Years ended December 31,
Rate	2021	2022	2023
Discount rate	2.2%	2.6%	5.3%
Long-term return on plan assets	4.0%	4.0%	5.0%

Variances from actuarially assumed rates will result in increases or decreases in accumulated pension obligations, pension expense and funding requirements in future periods.

The amounts shown in the tables above for actuarial losses and prior service cost at December 31, 2022 and 2023 have not yet been recognized as components of our periodic defined benefit pension cost as of those dates. These amounts will be recognized as components of our periodic defined benefit cost in future years and are recognized, net of deferred income taxes, in our accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 2022 and 2023.

The table below details the changes in our consolidated other comprehensive income (loss) during 2021, 2022 and 2023.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income (loss):
Current year:
Net actuarial (losses) gains	$	52.5	$	135.1	$	(25.0)
Amortization of unrecognized:
Net actuarial losses		20.0		13.0		2.4
Prior service cost		.2		.1		.1
Settlement loss		-		.3		1.6
Total	$	72.7	$	148.5	$	(20.9)

In determining the expected long-term rate of return on our U.S. and non-U.S. plan asset assumptions, we consider the long-term asset mix (e.g. equity vs. fixed income) for the assets for each of our plans and the expected long-term rates of return for such asset components. In addition, we receive third-party advice about appropriate long-term rates of return. Such assumed asset mixes are summarized below:

●

In Germany, the composition of our plan assets is established to satisfy the requirements of the German insurance commissioner. Our German pension plan assets represent an investment in a large collective investment fund established and maintained by Bayer AG in which several pension plans, including our German pension plans and Bayer’s pension plans, have invested. Our plan assets represent a very nominal portion of the total collective investment fund maintained by Bayer. These plan assets are a Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy because there is not an active market that approximates the value of our investment in the Bayer investment fund. We estimate the fair value of the Bayer plan assets based on periodic reports we receive from the managers of the Bayer fund and using a model we developed with assistance from our third-party actuary that uses estimated asset allocations and correlates such allocation to similar asset mixes in fund indexes quoted on an active market. We periodically evaluate the results of our valuation model against actual returns in the Bayer fund and adjust the model as needed. The Bayer fund periodic reports are subject to audit by the German pension regulator.

●

In Canada, we currently have a plan asset target allocation of up to 10% to equity securities and 90 - 100% to fixed income securities. We expect the long-term rate of return for such investments to approximate the applicable average equity or fixed income index. The Canadian assets are Level 1 inputs because they are traded in active markets.

●

In Norway, we currently have a plan asset target allocation of 18% to equity securities, 63% to fixed income securities, 14% to real estate and the remainder primarily to other investments and liquid investments such as money markets. The expected long-term rate of return for such investments is approximately 7%, 4%, 6%

and 7%, respectively. The majority of Norwegian plan assets are Level 1 inputs because they are traded in active markets; however, approximately 14% of our Norwegian plan assets are invested in real estate and other investments not actively traded and are therefore a Level 3 input.

●

In the U.S. we currently have a plan asset target allocation of 33% to equity securities, 59% to fixed income securities, and the remainder is allocated to multi-asset and other strategies. The expected long-term rate of return for our equity securities and fixed income securities is approximately 7% and 5%, respectively (before plan administrative expenses). Approximately 98% of our U.S. plan assets are invested in funds that are valued at net asset value (NAV) and, in accordance with ASC 820-10, not subject to classification in the fair value hierarchy.

●

We also have plan assets in Belgium. The Belgium plan assets are invested in certain individualized fixed income insurance contracts for the benefit of each plan participant as required by the local regulators and are therefore a Level 3 input. We had plan assets in the United Kingdom invested primarily in insurance contracts that were a Level 3 input as of December 31, 2022. During 2023, we completed a termination and buy-out of our pension plan in the United Kingdom resulting in a $1.3 million settlement loss.

We regularly review our actual asset allocation for each plan and will periodically rebalance the investments in each plan to more accurately reflect the targeted allocation and/or maximize the overall long-term return when considered appropriate.

The composition of our pension plan assets by asset category and fair value level at December 31, 2022 and 2023 is shown in the tables below.


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022
			Quoted		Significant
			prices		other		Significant
			in active		observable		unobservable		Assets
			markets		inputs		inputs		measured at
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		NAV

	(In millions)
Germany	$	234.0	$	-	$	-	$	234.0	$	-
Canada:
Local currency equities		.1		.1		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		11.0		11.0		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		72.9		72.9		-		-		-
Cash and other		.6		.6		-		-		-
Norway:
Local currency equities		2.3		2.3		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		4.7		4.7		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		21.8		7.0		14.8		-		-
Non local currency fixed income		8.4		8.4		-		-		-
Real estate		7.8		-		-		7.8		-
Cash and other		2.7		2.4		-		.3		-
U.S.:
Equities		3.8		.3		-		-		3.5
Fixed income		7.0		.1		-		-		6.9
Cash and other		1.2		.9		-		-		.3
Other		17.3		.4		-		16.9		-
Total	$	395.6	$	111.1	$	14.8	$	259.0	$	10.7


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023
			Quoted		Significant
			prices		other		Significant
			in active		observable		unobservable		Assets
			markets		inputs		inputs		measured at
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		NAV

	(In millions)
Germany	$	269.4	$	-	$	-	$	269.4	$	-
Canada:
Non local currency equities		2.7		2.7		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		86.2		86.2		-		-		-
Cash and other		1.1		1.1		-		-		-
Norway:
Local currency equities		2.4		2.4		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		7.2		7.2		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		23.9		4.4		19.5		-		-
Non local currency fixed income		4.2		4.2		-		-		-
Real estate		6.6		-		-		6.6		-
Cash and other		3.0		2.8		-		.2		-
U.S.:
Equities		3.5		-		-		-		3.5
Fixed income		8.4		-		-		-		8.4
Cash and other		.6		.2		-		-		.4
Other		15.9		-		-		15.9		-
Total	$	435.1	$	111.2	$	19.5	$	292.1	$	12.3

A rollforward of the change in fair value of Level 3 assets follows.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Fair value at beginning of year	$	310.3	$	259.0
Gain (loss) on assets held at end of year		(31.0)		11.1
Gain (loss) on assets sold during the year		(.7)		14.4
Assets purchased		13.8		1.7
Assets sold		(14.9)		(3.5)
Currency exchange rate fluctuations		(18.5)		9.4
Fair value at end of year	$	259.0	$	292.1

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 70
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480794/715-70-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 17
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iv)(03)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (q)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (l)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//715/tableOfContent

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (o)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (p)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (r)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480126/715-20-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 60
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480266/715-60-50-3

+ Details

Income taxes - Changes in Amount of Uncertain Tax Positions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income taxes
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year	$ 3.2	$ 3.8	$ 4.1
Net increase (decrease):
Tax positions taken in current period	0.5	0.7	0.6
Lapse due to applicable statute of limitations	(1.0)	(1.1)	(0.7)
Change in currency exchange rates	0.1	(0.2)	(0.2)
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year	$ 2.8	$ 3.2	$ 3.8

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Benefit Payments (Detail) - Defined benefit pension plans $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
2024	$ 25.4
2025	25.3
2026	25.9
2027	28.8
2028	33.0
Next 5 years	$ 157.8

Financial Instruments - Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value but which Require Fair Value Disclosure (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financial instruments
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, Carrying amount	$ 202.1	$ 334.6	$ 412.6	$ 362.0
Long-term debt - Fixed rate 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025, Carrying amount	440.9	424.1
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, Fair value	202.1	334.6
Long-term debt - Fixed rate 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025, Fair value	$ 424.5	$ 374.2

Other operating income (expense), net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Other operating income (expense), net

Other operating income (expense), net

Note 17 – Other operating income (expense), net:

On August 24, 2020, LPC temporarily halted production due to Hurricane Laura. Although storm damage to core processing facilities was not extensive, a variety of factors, including loss of utilities and limited access and availability of employees and raw materials, prevented the resumption of operations until September 25, 2020. The majority of our losses from property damage and our share of LPC’s lost production and other costs resulting from the disruption of operations, were covered by insurance. We recognized gains of $2.7 million and $2.5 million in 2022 and 2023, respectively, related to our business interruption claim, which are included in Other operating income (expense) – Other income, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Millions	Common stock	Additional paid-in capital	Retained deficit	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Treasury Stock	Total
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 1.2	$ 1,395.3	$ (151.8)	$ (448.2)		$ 796.5
Net Income (Loss)			112.9			112.9
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax				44.1		44.1
Issuance of common stock		0.1				0.1
Dividends paid			(83.2)			(83.2)
Treasury stock acquired					$ (0.2)	(0.2)
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	1.2	1,395.4	(122.1)	(404.1)	(0.2)	870.2
Net Income (Loss)			104.5			104.5
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax				72.6		72.6
Issuance of common stock		0.2				0.2
Dividends paid			(87.8)			(87.8)
Treasury stock acquired					(2.5)	(2.5)
Treasury stock retired		(1.3)			1.3
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	1.2	1,394.3	(105.4)	(331.5)	(1.4)	957.2
Net Income (Loss)			(49.1)			(49.1)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax				(9.6)		(9.6)
Issuance of common stock		0.1				0.1
Dividends paid			(87.5)			(87.5)
Treasury stock acquired					(2.8)	(2.8)
Treasury stock retired		(4.2)			$ 4.2
Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 1.2	$ 1,390.2	$ (242.0)	$ (341.1)		$ 808.3

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

+ Details

- Definition

Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).

+ References

+ Details

- Definition

Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent. Excludes temporary equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interest.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 852
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 830
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480167/946-830-55-12

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 210
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479617/946-210-S99-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-3

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 323
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 28
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 14: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 310
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480418/310-10-S99-2

+ Details

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Funded Status of Defined Benefit Pension Plans (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Accrued pension costs, noncurrent	$ (150.0)	$ (128.6)
Defined benefit pension plans
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year	395.6
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	435.1	395.6
U S \| Defined benefit pension plans
Change in projected benefit obligations (PBO):
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	13.2	17.7
Interest cost	0.7	0.4	$ 0.5
Actuarial (gains) losses	0.5	(3.9)
Benefits paid	(1.1)	(1.0)
Benefit obligations at end of the year	13.3	13.2	17.7
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year	12.0	15.9
Actual return on plan assets	1.1	(3.2)
Employer contributions	0.5	0.3
Benefits paid	(1.1)	(1.0)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	12.5	12.0	15.9
Funded status	(0.8)	(1.2)
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Accrued pension costs, noncurrent	(0.8)	(1.2)
Total	(0.8)	(1.2)
Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, Actuarial losses	8.5	9.2
Accumulated benefit obligations (ABO)	13.3	13.2
Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit \| Defined benefit pension plans
Change in projected benefit obligations (PBO):
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	502.8	748.1
Service cost	6.3	11.3	14.7
Interest cost	19.7	10.5	8.2
Participant contributions	1.8	1.7
Actuarial (gains) losses	44.7	(195.8)
Settlements	(3.1)	(1.2)
Change in currency exchange rates	14.0	(50.3)
Benefits paid	(22.5)	(21.5)
Benefit obligations at end of the year	563.7	502.8	748.1
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year	383.6	470.1
Actual return on plan assets	37.9	(49.5)
Employer contributions	15.6	15.0
Participant contributions	1.8	1.7
Settlements	(3.1)	(1.2)
Change in currency exchange rates	9.3	(31.0)
Benefits paid	(22.5)	(21.5)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	422.6	383.6	$ 470.1
Funded status	(141.1)	(119.2)
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Noncurrent pension asset	8.1	8.2
Accrued pension costs, noncurrent	(149.2)	(127.4)
Total	(141.1)	(119.2)
Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, Actuarial losses	106.8	85.4
Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, Prior service cost	0.3	0.4
Amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, Total	107.1	85.8
Accumulated benefit obligations (ABO)	$ 549.8	$ 488.0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Net sales	$ 1,666.5	$ 1,930.2	$ 1,939.4
Cost of sales	1,501.6	1,539.1	1,493.2
Gross margin	164.9	391.1	446.2
Selling, general and administrative expense	211.2	231.3	248.9
Other operating income (expense):
Currency transactions, net	1.4	11.5	1.6
Other income, net	3.3	3.4	3.2
Corporate expense	(14.4)	(15.1)	(15.0)
Income (loss) from operations	(56.0)	159.6	187.1
Other income (expense):
Interest and dividend income	6.9	5.1	0.4
Marketable equity securities	(1.0)	(1.0)	2.0
Other components of net periodic pension and OPEB cost	(5.7)	(12.9)	(16.5)
Interest expense	(17.1)	(16.9)	(19.6)
Income (loss) before income taxes	(72.9)	133.9	153.4
Income tax expense (benefit)	(23.8)	29.4	40.5
Net income (loss)	$ (49.1)	$ 104.5	$ 112.9
Net income (loss) per share - basic	$ (0.43)	$ 0.90	$ 0.98
Net income (loss) per share - diluted	$ (0.43)	$ 0.90	$ 0.98
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	115.1	115.5	115.5
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	115.1	115.5	115.5

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Leases

Schedule of Future Minimum Payment under Non-Cancellable Operating Lease Liabilities


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	4.6
2025		3.6
2026		3.3
2027		2.2
2028		2.0
2029 and thereafter		17.0
Total remaining lease payments		32.7
Less imputed interest		10.2
Total lease obligations		22.5
Less current obligations		3.9
Long term lease obligations	$	18.6

Stockholders' equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Stockholders' equity

Stockholders' equity

Note 13 – Stockholders’ equity:

Long-term incentive compensation plan – Prior to 2020, our board of directors adopted a plan that provides for the award of stock to our board of directors, up to a maximum of 200,000 shares. We awarded 7,200 shares in 2021, 8,400 shares in 2022 and 14,700 shares in 2023 under this plan. At December 31, 2023, 97,100 shares are available for awards.

Stock repurchase program – Prior to 2020, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2.0 million shares of our common stock in open market transactions, including block purchases, or in privately-negotiated transactions at unspecified prices and over an unspecified period of time. We may repurchase our common stock from time to time as market conditions permit. The stock repurchase program does not include specific price targets or timetables and may be suspended at any time. Depending on market conditions, we may terminate the program prior to its completion. We use cash on hand or other sources of liquidity to acquire the shares. Repurchased shares are added to our treasury and subsequently cancelled upon approval of the board of directors. In 2021, we acquired 14,409 shares of common stock in market transactions for an aggregate purchase price of $.2 million and subsequently cancelled all such shares. In 2022, we acquired 217,778 shares of common stock in market transactions for an aggregate purchase price of $2.5 million and subsequently cancelled all such shares. In 2023, we acquired 313,814 shares of common stock in market transactions for an aggregate purchase price of $2.8 million and subsequently cancelled all such shares. At December 31, 2023, 1,017,518 shares are available for repurchase under this stock repurchase program.

Accumulated other comprehensive loss – Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for 2021, 2022 and 2023 are presented in the table below.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Currency translation:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(233.4)	$	(240.4)	$	(269.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(7.0)		(28.8)		3.7
Balance at end of period	$	(240.4)	$	(269.2)	$	(265.5)

Defined benefit pension plans:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(214.5)	$	(163.3)	$	(63.1)
Other comprehensive income:
Amortization of prior service cost and net losses included in net periodic pension cost		14.9		9.9		2.0
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year		36.3		90.3		(16.0)
Plan settlement		-		-		1.1
Balance at end of period	$	(163.3)	$	(63.1)	$	(76.0)

OPEB plans:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(.3)	$	(.4)	$	.8
Other comprehensive loss - amortization of prior service credit and net losses included in net periodic OPEB cost		(.3)		(.3)		(.2)
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year		.2		1.5		(.2)
Balance at end of period	$	(.4)	$	.8	$	.4

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(448.2)	$	(404.1)	$	(331.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		44.1		72.6		(9.6)
Balance at end of period	$	(404.1)	$	(331.5)	$	(341.1)

See Note 6 for further discussion on our marketable securities, Note 10 for amounts related to our defined benefit pension plans and Note 11 for our OPEB plans.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481004/946-505-50-6

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//505/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 16
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-16

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

+ Details

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Detail) - Defined benefit pension plans - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 6.3	$ 11.3	$ 14.7
Interest cost	19.7	10.5	8.2
Expected return on plan assets	(18.2)	(11.0)	(11.2)
Amortization of prior service cost	0.1	0.1	0.2
Recognized actuarial losses	1.8	12.5	19.4
Settlements	1.6	0.3
Total	11.3	23.7	31.3
U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Interest cost	0.7	0.4	0.5
Expected return on plan assets	(0.6)	(0.6)	(0.6)
Recognized actuarial losses	0.6	0.6	0.6
Settlements			$ 0.5
Total	$ 0.7	$ 0.4

Geographic information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Geographic information

Geographic Information

Note 2 – Geographic information:

Our operations are associated with the production and sale of titanium dioxide pigments (TiO₂). TiO₂ is used to impart whiteness, brightness, opacity and durability to a wide variety of products, including paints, plastics, paper, fibers and ceramics. Additionally, TiO₂is a critical component of everyday applications, such as coatings, plastics and paper, as well as many specialty products such as inks, foods and cosmetics. At December 31, 2022 and 2023, the net assets of non-U.S. subsidiaries included in consolidated net assets approximated $504 million and $443 million, respectively.

For geographic information, we attribute net sales to the place of manufacture (point of origin) and to the location of the customer (point of destination); we attribute property and equipment to their physical location.



	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net sales - point of origin:
United States	$	1,052.1	$	1,226.6	$	1,029.2
Germany		971.7		895.4		726.4
Canada		371.9		389.4		351.0
Norway		257.2		273.5		252.1
Belgium		295.7		306.5		217.1
Eliminations		(1,009.2)		(1,161.2)		(909.3)
Total	$	1,939.4	$	1,930.2	$	1,666.5

Net sales - point of destination:
Europe	$	945.0	$	878.3	$	737.8
North America		645.7		695.7		618.1
Other		348.7		356.2		310.6
Total	$	1,939.4	$	1,930.2	$	1,666.5


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Identifiable assets - net property and equipment:
Germany	$	198.5	$	207.7
Belgium		100.8		97.9
Norway		82.7		82.7
Canada		87.8		81.9
Other		14.7		12.7
Total	$	484.5	$	482.9

Stockholders' equity - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2019
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Existing long-term incentive plan				200,000
Shares awarded under proposed long term incentive plan	14,700	8,400	7,200
Shares available for awards under proposed long term incentive plan	97,100
Number of shares authorized for repurchase				2,000,000.0
Aggregate purchase price	$ 2.8	$ 2.5	$ 0.2
Shares available for repurchase under the plan	1,017,518
Common stock
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Stock repurchased and acquired in market transactions	313,814	217,778	14,409
Treasury Stock, Common
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase price	$ 2.8	$ 2.5	$ 0.2

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities - Components of Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Accounts payable	$ 218.7	$ 177.2
Accrued sales discounts and rebates	22.5	25.6
Employee benefits	24.7	22.9
Operating lease liabilities	$ 3.9	$ 3.8
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Total	Total
Other	$ 54.3	$ 59.9
Total	$ 324.1	$ 289.4

Other noncurrent liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Other noncurrent liabilities

Other noncurrent liabilities

Note 11 – Other noncurrent liabilities:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accrued postretirement benefits	$	5.9	$	6.4
Employee benefits		4.8		4.9
Other		9.8		10.5
Total	$	20.5	$	21.8

Financial instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Financial instruments

Financial instruments

Note 16 – Financial instruments:

See Note 6 for information on how we determine fair value of our marketable securities.

The following table presents the financial instruments that are not carried at fair value but which require fair value disclosure as of December 31, 2022 and 2023.


	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2023
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	amount		value		amount		value

	(In millions)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	334.6	$	334.6	$	202.1	$	202.1
Long-term debt - Fixed rate 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025		424.1		374.2		440.9		424.5

At December 31, 2023, the estimated market price of our 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 was €959 per €1,000 principal amount. The fair value of our 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 was based on quoted market prices; however, these quoted market prices represented Level 2 inputs because the markets in which the 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 trade were not active. Due to their near-term maturities, the carrying amounts of accounts receivable and accounts payable are considered equivalent to fair value. See Notes 3 and 9.

Summary of significant accounting policies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Capitalized interest costs		$ 1.5	$ 1.2	$ 1.1
Income taxes paid, net		17.3	37.3	41.6
Cost of sales		1,501.6	1,539.1	1,493.2
Research and development costs		18.0	15.0	17.0
Fixed asset impairment	$ 3.8
Shipping and Handling
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Cost of sales		$ 101.0	122.0	132.0
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Owned manufacturing joint venture	50.00%	50.00%
Valhi Inc
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Income taxes paid, net		$ 11.8	$ 15.9	$ 17.6
Valhi Inc \| Parent Company
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Parent company ownership interest	50.00%	50.00%
Valhi Inc \| NL Industries Inc.
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Ownership percentage in company	83.00%	83.00%
NL Industries Inc. \| Parent Company
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Parent company ownership interest	31.00%	31.00%
Contran
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Controlling interest description		Consequently, at December 31, 2023, Ms. Simmons and the Family Trust may be deemed to control Contran, and therefore may be deemed to indirectly control the wholly-owned subsidiary of Contran, Valhi, NL and us.
Contran \| Valhi Inc
Organization And Basis Of Presentation [Line Items]
Ownership percentage of parent company held by related party	91.00%	91.00%

Long-term debt - Subordinated, Unsecured Term Loan from Contran and Revolving Credit Facilities - Additional Information (Detail) € in Millions, $ in Millions, $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 20, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 12, 2024 USD ($)	Feb. 12, 2024 EUR (€)	Apr. 20, 2021 EUR (€)	Apr. 20, 2021 CAD ($)
Subordinated, unsecured term loan \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Debt instrument principal amount			$ 53.7	€ 50.0
Debt instrument interest rate			11.50%	11.50%
Global Revolver
Long-term debt
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 225.0
Line of Credit Maturity	2026-04
Fixed charge coverage ratio, minimum value	1.00%
Borrowings under credit facility during the period		$ 0.0
Repayments of lines of credit		0.0
Amount available for Borrowing		$ 225.0
Global Revolver \| Subsequent event
Long-term debt
Maximum borrowing capacity \| €				€ 225.0
Global Revolver \| Non Base Rate \| Minimum
Long-term debt
Debt instrument basis spread on variable rate	1.50%
Global Revolver \| Non Base Rate \| Maximum
Long-term debt
Debt instrument basis spread on variable rate	2.00%
Global Revolver \| Base Rate \| Minimum
Long-term debt
Debt instrument basis spread on variable rate	0.50%
Global Revolver \| Base Rate \| Maximum
Long-term debt
Debt instrument basis spread on variable rate	2.00%
Global Revolver \| Canadian Subsidiary Revolving Borrowings Maximum
Long-term debt
Maximum borrowing capacity						$ 25
Global Revolver \| Belgian Revolving Credit Facility
Long-term debt
Maximum borrowing capacity \| €					€ 30.0
Global Revolver \| German Revolving Credit Facility
Long-term debt
Maximum borrowing capacity \| €					€ 60.0

Long-Term debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Long-term debt

Long-term debt

Note 8 – Long-term debt:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Kronos International, Inc. 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025	$	424.1	$	440.9
Other		1.1		-
Total debt		425.2		440.9
Less current maturities		1.1		-
Total long-term debt	$	424.1	$	440.9

3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025 – On September 13, 2017, Kronos International, Inc. (KII), our wholly-owned subsidiary, issued €400 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due September 15, 2025 (the “Old Notes”), at par value ($477.6 million when issued). The Old Notes:

●

bear interest at 3.75% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, payments began on March 15, 2018;

●

have a maturity date of September 15, 2025. We may redeem the Old Notes at 100%, plus accrued and unpaid interest. If we experience certain specified change of control events as outlined in the indenture governing our Old Notes, we would be required to make an offer to purchase the Old Notes at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We would also be required to make an offer to purchase a specified portion of the Old Notes at par value, plus accrued and unpaid interest, in the event that we generate a certain amount of net proceeds from the sale of assets outside the ordinary course of business, and such net proceeds are not otherwise used for specified purposes within a specified time period as described in the indenture governing our Old Notes;

●

are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured basis by Kronos Worldwide, Inc. and each of our direct and indirect domestic, wholly-owned subsidiaries; and

●

have substantially similar collateral, guarantees and covenants to the New Notes.

The carrying value of the Old Notes at December 31, 2023 is stated net of unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.6 million (December 31, 2022 - $2.4 million).

9.50% Senior Secured Notes due 2029 – On February 12, 2024, for certain eligible holders of existing Old Notes, KII executed an exchange of €325 million principal amount of the outstanding Old Notes for newly issued €276.174 million aggregate outstanding KII 9.50% Senior Secured Notes due March 2029 (the “New Notes” and together with the Old Notes, the “Senior Secured Notes”) plus additional cash consideration of €50 million. We financed the €50 million cash consideration with a new unsecured term loan from Contran Corporation (described below). Holders of the Old Notes received for each €1,000 principal amount of Old Notes exchanged, €850 in principal amount of New Notes, plus a cash payment in an amount equal to €150. Following the exchange, Old Notes totaling €75 million principal amount that were not exchanged continue to remain outstanding. In connection with the exchange, the indenture governing the Old Notes was amended to conform to the restrictive covenants in the indenture governing the New Notes and to make other conforming changes. KII did not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance and delivery of the New Notes in connection with the exchange.

The New Notes:

●

bear interest at 9.50% per annum, payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, payments begin on September 15, 2024;

●

have a maturity date of March 15, 2029. Prior to March 15, 2026, we may redeem some or all of the New Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus an applicable premium as of the date of the redemption as described in the indenture governing our New Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. On or after March 15, 2026, we may redeem the New Notes at redemption prices ranging from 104.750% of the principal amount, declining to 100% on or after March 15, 2028, plus accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, on or before March 15, 2026, we may redeem up to 40% of the New Notes with the net proceeds of certain public or private equity offerings at 109.50% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, provided that following the redemption at least 50% of the New Notes remain outstanding. If we or our subsidiaries experience certain change of control events, as outlined in the indenture governing our New Notes, we would be required to make an offer to purchase the New Notes at 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest. We would also be required to make an offer to purchase a specified portion of the New Notes at par value, plus accrued and unpaid interest, in the event that we and our subsidiaries generate a certain amount of net proceeds from the sale of assets outside the ordinary course of business, and such net proceeds are not otherwise used for specified purposes within a specified time period as described in the indenture governing our New Notes;

●

are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior secured basis by Kronos Worldwide, Inc. and each of our direct and indirect domestic, wholly-owned subsidiaries;

●

are collateralized by a first priority lien on (i) 100% of the common stock or other ownership interests of each existing and future direct domestic subsidiary of KII and the guarantors, and (ii) 65% of the voting common stock or other ownership interests and 100% of the non-voting common stock or other ownership interests of each non-U.S. subsidiary that is directly owned by KII or any guarantor;

●

contain a number of covenants and restrictions which, among other things, restrict our ability to incur or guarantee additional debt, incur liens, pay dividends or make other restricted payments, or merge or consolidate with, or sell or transfer substantially all of our assets to, another entity, and contain other provisions and restrictive covenants customary in lending transactions of this type (however, there are no ongoing financial maintenance covenants); and

●

contain customary default provisions, including a default under any of our other indebtedness in excess of $50.0 million.

Subordinated, Unsecured Term Loan from Contran – As part of the refinancing of a majority of our Old Notes discussed above, we borrowed $53.7 million (€50.0 million) from Contran through the issuance of an unsecured subordinated term promissory note dated February 12, 2024 (the “Contran Term Loan”). The Contran Term Loan is guaranteed by our domestic wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our obligations under the Contran Term Loan, and the obligations of the guarantors under the related guaranties, are unsecured and subordinated in right of payment to our Senior Secured Notes and our $225 million global revolving credit facility (Global Revolver). Interest on the Contran Term Loan is payable in cash at an interest rate of 11.5%. The Contran Term Loan matures on demand (but no earlier than September 2029), is not subject to any amortization payments and is prepayable at par beginning in March 2026. The restrictive covenants in the Contran Term Loan are substantially similar to those contained in the indenture governing our New Notes. In accordance with our related party transaction policy, the audit committee of our board of directors, comprised of the independent directors, approved the terms and conditions of the new term loan from Contran.

Revolving credit facility – On April 20, 2021, we entered into the $225 million Global Revolver which matures in April 2026. Borrowings under the Global Revolver are available for our general corporate purposes. Available borrowings are based on formula-determined amounts of eligible trade receivables and inventories, as defined in the agreement, less any outstanding letters of credit issued under the Global Revolver. Borrowings by our Canadian, Belgian and German subsidiaries are limited to $25 million, €30 million and €60 million, respectively. Any amounts outstanding under the Global Revolver bear interest, at our option, at the applicable non-base rate (SOFR, CDOR or EURIBOR, dependent on the currency of the borrowing) plus a margin ranging from 1.5% to 2.0%, or at the applicable base rate, as defined in the agreement, plus a margin ranging from .5% to 2.0%. The Global Revolver is collateralized by, among other things, a first priority lien on the borrowers’ trade receivables and inventories. The facility contains a number of covenants and restrictions customary in lending transactions of this type which, among other things, restrict the borrowers’ ability to incur additional debt, incur liens, pay additional dividends or merge or consolidate with, or sell or transfer all or substantially all of their assets to another entity and, under certain conditions, requires the maintenance of a fixed charge coverage ratio, as defined in the agreement, of at least 1.0 to 1.0.

During 2023, we had no borrowings or repayments under our Global Revolver and at December 31, 2023, the full $225 million was available for borrowing under this revolving facility.

Aggregate maturities and other – Aggregate maturities of debt at December 31, 2023 are presented in the table below.


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	-
2025		442.5
2026		-
2027		-
2028		-
2029 and thereafter		-
Gross maturities		442.5
Less debt issuance costs		1.6
Total	$	440.9

After considering the effect of the exchange of the Old Notes and issuance of the New Notes and Contran Term Loan discussed above, our aggregate maturities of long-term debt would be:


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	-
2025		83.0
2026		-
2027		-
2028		-
2029 and thereafter		360.8
Gross maturities		443.8
Less debt issuance costs		6.1
Total	$	437.7

We are in compliance with all of our debt covenants at December 31, 2023.

Income taxes - Components of Income Taxes and Comprehensive Provision for Income Taxes Allocation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Schedule Of Income Tax [Line Items]
U.S.	$ (1.5)	$ 44.1	$ 25.5
Non-U.S.	(71.4)	89.8	127.9
Income (loss) before income taxes	(72.9)	133.9	153.4
Expected tax expense (benefit), at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21%	$ (15.3)	28.1	32.2
U.S. Federal statutory income tax rate	21.00%
Non-U.S. tax rates	$ (6.3)	2.1	4.6
Incremental net tax benefit on earnings and losses of U.S. and non-U.S. companies	(4.7)	(0.5)	(3.9)
Valuation allowance, net	2.6	(3.6)	3.1
Global intangible low-tax income, net	(0.3)	2.1	2.8
Adjustment to the reserve for uncertain tax positions, net	(0.5)	(0.4)
Nondeductible expenses	1.0	0.9	1.0
U.S. state income taxes and other, net	(0.3)	0.7	0.7
Income tax expense (benefit)	(23.8)	29.4	40.5
Current payable:
U.S. federal and state	2.0	10.7	4.6
Non-U.S.	13.5	20.1	21.6
Total	15.5	30.8	26.2
U.S. federal and state	(3.7)	(3.0)	3.3
Non-U.S.	(35.6)	1.6	11.0
Total	(39.3)	(1.4)	14.3
Comprehensive provision for income taxes (benefit) allocable to:
Net income (loss)	(23.8)	29.4	40.5
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Total	(30.7)	79.1	64.5
Defined benefit pension plans
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans	(6.7)	49.3	$ 24.0
OPEB Plans
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans	$ (0.2)	$ 0.4

Marketable Securities - Additional Information (Detail) - Valhi Inc - Common stock - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable securities
Investments in publicly-traded shares (in shares)	144,000	144,000
Quoted market price of per share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.19	$ 22.00

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Schedule of Defined Benefit Pension Plans Balances (for which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Fair Value of Plan Assets) (Detail) - Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit - Defined benefit pension plans - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Projected Benefit Obligation (PBO)	$ 463.1	$ 403.5
Accumulated Benefit Obligation (ABO)	452.9	392.4
Fair value of plan assets	$ 313.8	$ 276.0

Income taxes - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax [Line Items]
Deferred tax assets valuation allowance	$ 6.4	$ 3.8
Term of operating loss carryforwards	20 years
Business interest income, adjusted taxable income	30.00%
Deferred tax assets carryforwards related to nondeductible portion of interest expense	$ 3.5	0.9
Transition tax				$ 74.5
Income tax liability payable period	8 years
Noncurrent payable to affiliates	$ 18.6	33.5
Current payables to affiliates	31.3	22.9
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate	2.8
Non-cash deferred income tax benefit	35.6	(1.6)	$ (11.0)
Non-cash deferred income tax expense	2.6
Related party
Income Tax [Line Items]
Noncurrent payable to affiliates	18.6	33.5
Current payables to affiliates	31.3	$ 22.9
Related party \| Valhi
Income Tax [Line Items]
Noncurrent payable to affiliates	18.6
Current payables to affiliates	14.9
Payable to affiliate	33.5
Germany \| Corporate Purposes
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	478.7
Deferred tax assets, operating loss carryforwards	75.8
Germany \| Trade tax purposes
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	54.5
Deferred tax assets, operating loss carryforwards	5.9
Belgium \| Corporate Purposes
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	47.0
Deferred tax assets, operating loss carryforwards	11.8
Canada \| Corporate Purposes
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	31.5
Deferred tax assets, operating loss carryforwards	4.7
Canada \| Provincial tax purposes
Income Tax [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	34.9
Deferred tax assets, operating loss carryforwards	$ 4.0

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Long-term debt

Components of Long Term Debt


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Kronos International, Inc. 3.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2025	$	424.1	$	440.9
Other		1.1		-
Total debt		425.2		440.9
Less current maturities		1.1		-
Total long-term debt	$	424.1	$	440.9

Aggregate Maturities of Long-Term Debt and Other


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	-
2025		442.5
2026		-
2027		-
2028		-
2029 and thereafter		-
Gross maturities		442.5
Less debt issuance costs		1.6
Total	$	440.9

Post effect of exchange of old notes into new notes

Long-term debt

Aggregate Maturities of Long-Term Debt and Other


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	-
2025		83.0
2026		-
2027		-
2028		-
2029 and thereafter		360.8
Gross maturities		443.8
Less debt issuance costs		6.1
Total	$	437.7

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69E

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3

Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-1A

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Section 55
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482949/835-30-55-8

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480848/942-470-50-3

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-8

Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-6

Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-7

+ Details

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture - Summary of Income Statements of LPC (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cost and expenses:
Net income	$ (49.1)	$ 104.5	$ 112.9
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
Revenues and other income:
Total revenues and other income	463.4	451.5	378.2
Cost and expenses:
Cost of sales	463.0	451.1	377.8
General and administrative	0.4	0.4	0.4
Total costs and expenses	463.4	451.5	378.2
Louisiana pigment company, L.P \| Kronos
Revenues and other income:
Total revenues and other income	231.7	225.6	188.6
Louisiana pigment company, L.P \| Venator Investments
Revenues and other income:
Total revenues and other income	$ 231.7	$ 225.9	$ 189.6

Commitments and contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Commitments and contingencies

Commitments and contingencies

Note 15 – Commitments and contingencies:

Environmental matters – Our operations are governed by various environmental laws and regulations. Certain of our operations are and have been engaged in the handling, manufacture or use of substances or compounds that may be considered toxic or hazardous within the meaning of applicable environmental laws and regulations. As with other companies engaged in similar businesses, certain of our past and current operations and products have the potential to cause environmental or other damage. We have implemented and continue to implement various policies and programs in an effort to minimize these risks. Our policy is to maintain compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations at all of our facilities and to strive to improve our environmental performance and overall sustainability. We update our Kronos Environmental Social Governance Report biennially, which highlights our focus on sustainability of our manufacturing operations, as well as our environmental, social and governance strategy. From time to time, we may be subject to environmental regulatory enforcement under U.S. and non-U.S. statutes, the resolution of which typically involves the establishment of compliance programs. It is possible that future developments, such as stricter requirements of environmental laws and enforcement policies thereunder, could adversely affect our production, handling, use, storage, transportation, sale or disposal of such substances. We believe all our manufacturing facilities are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws.

Litigation matters – We are involved in various environmental, contractual, product liability, patent (or intellectual property), employment and other claims and disputes incidental to our business. At least quarterly our management discusses and evaluates the status of any pending litigation to which we are a party. The factors considered in such evaluation include, among other things, the nature of such pending cases, the status of such pending cases, the advice of legal counsel and our experience in similar cases (if any). Based on such evaluation, we make a determination as to whether we believe (i) it is probable a loss has been incurred, and if so if the amount of such loss (or a range of loss)

is reasonably estimable, or (ii) it is reasonably possible but not probable a loss has been incurred, and if so if the amount of such loss (or a range of loss) is reasonably estimable, or (iii) the probability a loss has been incurred is remote. We have not accrued any amounts for litigation matters because it is not reasonably possible we have incurred a loss that would be material to our consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.

Concentrations of credit risk – Sales of TiO₂ accounted for 92% of our net sales in both 2021 and 2022 and 90% in 2023. The remaining sales result from the sale of ilmenite ore (a raw material used in the sulfate pigment production process), and the manufacture and sale of iron-based water treatment chemicals and certain titanium chemical products (derived from co-products of the TiO₂ production processes). TiO₂ is generally sold to the paint, plastics and paper industries. Such markets are generally considered “quality-of-life” markets whose demand for TiO₂ is influenced by the relative economic well-being of the various geographic regions. We sell TiO₂ to approximately 3,000 customers, with the top ten customers approximating 32% in 2021, 33% in 2022 and 35% in 2023 of net sales. One customer accounted for approximately 10% of our net sales in 2022 and 12% in 2023. We did not have sales to a single customer comprising 10% or more of our net sales in 2021.

The table below shows the approximate percentage of our TiO₂ sales by volume for our significant markets, Europe and North America, for the last three years.


	2021	2022	2023
Europe	46%	45%	44%
North America	37%	39%	41%

Long-term contracts – We have long-term supply contracts that provide for certain of our TiO₂ feedstock requirements through 2026. The agreements require us to purchase certain minimum quantities of feedstock with minimum purchase commitments aggregating approximately $583 million over the life of the contracts in years subsequent to December 31, 2023 (including approximately $465 million committed to be purchased in 2024). In addition, we have other long-term supply and service contracts that provide for various raw materials and services. These agreements require us to purchase certain minimum quantities or services with minimum purchase commitments aggregating approximately $72 million at December 31, 2023 (including approximately $38 million committed to be purchased in 2024).

Income taxes – We are a party to a tax sharing agreement with Contran and Valhi providing for the allocation of tax liabilities and tax payments as described in Note 1. Under applicable law, we, along with every other member of the Contran Tax Group, are each jointly and severally liable for the aggregate federal income tax liability of Contran and the other companies included in the Contran Tax Group for all periods in which we are included in the Contran Tax Group. Valhi has agreed, however, to indemnify us for any liability for income taxes of the Contran Tax Group in excess of our tax liability computed in accordance with the tax sharing agreement.

Restructuring Costs (Detail) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Restructuring Costs (Detail) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) individual
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Number of individuals impacted from workforce reductions \| individual	100
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring Charges \| $	$ 6

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares shares in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	240.0	240.0
Common stock, shares issued	115.1	115.1
Common stock, shares outstanding	115.1	115.1

Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 29, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-31763
Entity Registrant Name	KRONOS WORLDWIDE, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	76-0294959
Entity Address, Address Line One	5430 LBJ Freeway
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 1700
Entity Address, City or Town	Dallas
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	75240-2620
City Area Code	972
Local Phone Number	233-1700
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock
Trading Symbol	KRO
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 189.3
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		115,027,016
Documents Incorporated by Reference	The information required by Part III is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.
Entity Central Index Key	0001257640
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Auditor Name	PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Auditor Firm ID	238
Auditor Location	Dallas, Texas

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Funded Status of Defined Benefit Plan

The funded status of our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Change in projected benefit obligations (PBO):
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	$	748.1	$	502.8
Service cost		11.3		6.3
Interest cost		10.5		19.7
Participant contributions		1.7		1.8
Actuarial (gains) losses		(195.8)		44.7
Settlements		(1.2)		(3.1)
Change in currency exchange rates		(50.3)		14.0
Benefits paid		(21.5)		(22.5)
Benefit obligations at end of the year		502.8		563.7

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		470.1		383.6
Actual return on plan assets		(49.5)		37.9
Employer contributions		15.0		15.6
Participant contributions		1.7		1.8
Settlements		(1.2)		(3.1)
Change in currency exchange rates		(31.0)		9.3
Benefits paid		(21.5)		(22.5)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		383.6		422.6
Funded status	$	(119.2)	$	(141.1)

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Noncurrent pension asset	$	8.2	$	8.1
Noncurrent accrued pension costs		(127.4)		(149.2)
Total	$	(119.2)	$	(141.1)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Actuarial losses	$	85.4	$	106.8
Prior service cost		.4		.3
Total	$	85.8	$	107.1

Accumulated benefit obligations (ABO)	$	488.0	$	549.8

The funded status of our U.S. defined benefit pension plan is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Change in PBO:
Benefit obligations at beginning of the year	$	17.7	$	13.2
Interest cost		.4		.7
Actuarial (gains) losses		(3.9)		.5
Benefits paid		(1.0)		(1.1)
Benefit obligations at end of the year		13.2		13.3

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of the year		15.9		12.0
Actual return on plan assets		(3.2)		1.1
Employer contributions		.3		.5
Benefits paid		(1.0)		(1.1)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		12.0		12.5
Funded status	$	(1.2)	$	(.8)

Amounts recognized in the balance sheet:
Accrued pension costs:
Current	$	-	$	-
Noncurrent		(1.2)		(.8)
Total	$	(1.2)	$	(.8)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss - actuarial losses	$	9.2	$	8.5

ABO	$	13.2	$	13.3

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net periodic pension cost (income):
Service cost	$	14.7	$	11.3	$	6.3
Interest cost		8.2		10.5		19.7
Expected return on plan assets		(11.2)		(11.0)		(18.2)
Amortization of prior service cost		.2		.1		.1
Recognized actuarial losses		19.4		12.5		1.8
Settlements		-		.3		1.6
Total	$	31.3	$	23.7	$	11.3


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net periodic pension cost (income):
Interest cost	$	.5	$	.4	$	.7
Expected return on plan assets		(.6)		(.6)		(.6)
Recognized actuarial losses		.6		.6		.6
Settlements		(.5)		-		-
Total	$	-	$	.4	$	.7

Schedule of Defined Benefit Pension Plans Balances (for which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Fair Value of Plan Assets)

Information concerning certain of our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans (for which the ABO exceeds the fair value of plan assets as of the indicated date) is presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Plans for which the ABO exceeds plan assets:
PBO	$	403.5	$	463.1
ABO		392.4		452.9
Fair value of plan assets		276.0		313.8

Key Actuarial Assumptions Used


	December 31,
Rate	2022	2023
Discount rate	3.9%	3.4%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.7%	2.7%

The weighted-average rate assumptions used in determining the net periodic pension cost for our non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans for 2021, 2022 and 2023 are presented in the table below.


	Years ended December 31,
Rate	2021	2022	2023
Discount rate	1.0%	1.5%	3.9%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.6%	2.6%	2.7%
Long-term return on plan assets	2.4%	2.5%	4.6%


	Years ended December 31,
Rate	2021	2022	2023
Discount rate	2.2%	2.6%	5.3%
Long-term return on plan assets	4.0%	4.0%	5.0%

Defined benefit pension plans

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Benefit Payments


Years ending December 31,	Amount
	(In millions)
2024	$	25.4
2025		25.3
2026		25.9
2027		28.8
2028		33.0
Next 5 years		157.8

Changes in Benefit Obligations Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The table below details the changes in our consolidated other comprehensive income (loss) during 2021, 2022 and 2023.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income (loss):
Current year:
Net actuarial (losses) gains	$	52.5	$	135.1	$	(25.0)
Amortization of unrecognized:
Net actuarial losses		20.0		13.0		2.4
Prior service cost		.2		.1		.1
Settlement loss		-		.3		1.6
Total	$	72.7	$	148.5	$	(20.9)

Composition of Pension Plan Assets

The composition of our pension plan assets by asset category and fair value level at December 31, 2022 and 2023 is shown in the tables below.


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022
			Quoted		Significant
			prices		other		Significant
			in active		observable		unobservable		Assets
			markets		inputs		inputs		measured at
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		NAV

	(In millions)
Germany	$	234.0	$	-	$	-	$	234.0	$	-
Canada:
Local currency equities		.1		.1		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		11.0		11.0		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		72.9		72.9		-		-		-
Cash and other		.6		.6		-		-		-
Norway:
Local currency equities		2.3		2.3		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		4.7		4.7		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		21.8		7.0		14.8		-		-
Non local currency fixed income		8.4		8.4		-		-		-
Real estate		7.8		-		-		7.8		-
Cash and other		2.7		2.4		-		.3		-
U.S.:
Equities		3.8		.3		-		-		3.5
Fixed income		7.0		.1		-		-		6.9
Cash and other		1.2		.9		-		-		.3
Other		17.3		.4		-		16.9		-
Total	$	395.6	$	111.1	$	14.8	$	259.0	$	10.7


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023
			Quoted		Significant
			prices		other		Significant
			in active		observable		unobservable		Assets
			markets		inputs		inputs		measured at
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		NAV

	(In millions)
Germany	$	269.4	$	-	$	-	$	269.4	$	-
Canada:
Non local currency equities		2.7		2.7		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		86.2		86.2		-		-		-
Cash and other		1.1		1.1		-		-		-
Norway:
Local currency equities		2.4		2.4		-		-		-
Non local currency equities		7.2		7.2		-		-		-
Local currency fixed income		23.9		4.4		19.5		-		-
Non local currency fixed income		4.2		4.2		-		-		-
Real estate		6.6		-		-		6.6		-
Cash and other		3.0		2.8		-		.2		-
U.S.:
Equities		3.5		-		-		-		3.5
Fixed income		8.4		-		-		-		8.4
Cash and other		.6		.2		-		-		.4
Other		15.9		-		-		15.9		-
Total	$	435.1	$	111.2	$	19.5	$	292.1	$	12.3

Roll forward of Change in Fair Value of Level 3 Assets

A rollforward of the change in fair value of Level 3 assets follows.


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Fair value at beginning of year	$	310.3	$	259.0
Gain (loss) on assets held at end of year		(31.0)		11.1
Gain (loss) on assets sold during the year		(.7)		14.4
Assets purchased		13.8		1.7
Assets sold		(14.9)		(3.5)
Currency exchange rate fluctuations		(18.5)		9.4
Fair value at end of year	$	259.0	$	292.1

Related party transactions - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Feb. 29, 2024	Dec. 31, 2019
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Intercorporate service fees	$ 211.2	$ 231.3	$ 248.9
Insurance Premiums
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Expense transaction with affiliate	24.8	20.8	23.2
Contran Corporation [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Expense transaction with affiliate	0.4	0.3	0.3
Sublease rent expense	0.6	0.5	0.4
Contran Corporation [Member] \| Intercorporate Services Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Intercorporate service fees	22.6	24.5	24.0
Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. \| Titanium Dioxide Pigments
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Purchase of TiO2	231.7	225.6	188.6
Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. \| Titanium Dioxide Feedstock
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sale of feedstock ore to LPC	135.1	106.9	85.4
Valhi Inc [Member] \| Unsecured Revolving Demand Promissory Note
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding loans under promissory note	$ 0.0	0.0
Maximum lending capacity					$ 25.0
Interest payable quarterly for the loan	prime plus 1.00%
Valhi Inc [Member] \| Unsecured Revolving Demand Promissory Note \| Contran Corporation [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Outstanding loans under promissory note				$ 53.7
Valhi Inc [Member] \| Unsecured Revolving Demand Promissory Note \| Interest Income
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Interest income on loan	$ 0.1	0.2	0.2
Tall Pines Insurance Company \| Insurance Premiums
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Expense transaction with affiliate	$ 19.6	$ 17.3	$ 18.6

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Equity Method Investments And Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture

Note 5 – Investment in TiO₂ manufacturing joint venture:

We own a 50% interest in Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. (LPC). LPC is a manufacturing joint venture whose other 50%-owner is Venator Investments LLC (Venator Investments). Venator Investments is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Venator Group, of which Venator Materials PLC owns 100% and is the ultimate parent. LPC owns and operates a chloride-process TiO₂ plant near Lake Charles, Louisiana.

We and Venator Investments are both required to purchase one-half of the TiO₂ produced by LPC, unless we and Venator Investments agree otherwise. LPC operates on a break-even basis and, accordingly, we report no equity in earnings of LPC. Each owner’s acquisition transfer price for its share of the TiO₂ produced is equal to its share of the joint venture’s production costs and interest expense, if any. Our share of net cost is reported as cost of sales as the related TiO₂ acquired from LPC is sold. We report distributions we receive from LPC, which generally relate to excess cash generated by LPC from its non-cash production costs, and contributions we make to LPC, which generally relate to cash required by LPC when it builds working capital, as part of our cash flows from operating activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The components of our net cash distributions from (contributions to) LPC are shown in the table below.


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Distributions from LPC	$	28.5	$	58.3	$	52.8
Contributions to LPC		(24.7)		(68.8)		(49.7)
Net distributions (contributions)	$	3.8	$	(10.5)	$	3.1

Summary balance sheets of LPC are shown below:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets	$	122.2	$	118.5
Property and equipment, net		147.4		148.4
Total assets	$	269.6	$	266.9

LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS’ EQUITY
Other liabilities, primarily current	$	41.2	$	42.1
Partners’ equity		228.4		224.8
Total liabilities and partners’ equity	$	269.6	$	266.9

Summary income statements of LPC are shown below:


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Revenues and other income:
Kronos	$	188.6	$	225.6	$	231.7
Venator Investments		189.6		225.9		231.7
Total revenues and other income		378.2		451.5		463.4

Cost and expenses:
Cost of sales		377.8		451.1		463.0
General and administrative		.4		.4		.4
Total costs and expenses		378.2		451.5		463.4
Net income	$	-	$	-	$	-

We have certain related party transactions with LPC, as more fully described in Note 14.

Investment in TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture - Components of Net Cash Distributions from (Contributions to) LPC (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Net distributions (contributions)	$ 3.1	$ (10.5)	$ 3.8
Louisiana pigment company, L.P
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Distributions from LPC	52.8	58.3	28.5
Contributions to LPC	(49.7)	(68.8)	(24.7)
Net distributions (contributions)	$ 3.1	$ (10.5)	$ 3.8

Summary of significant accounting policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of significant accounting policies

Organization and basis of presentation

Unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to “we,” “us” or “our” refer to Kronos Worldwide, Inc. and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

Management's estimates

Principles of consolidation

Translation of currencies

Derivatives and hedging activities

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Marketable securities and securities transactions

●

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

●

Level 2 – Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the assets or liability; and

●

Level 3 – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

Accounts receivable

Inventories and cost of sales

Investment in TiO2 manufacturing joint venture

Leases

leases (in which leases with an original maturity of 12 months or less are excluded from the recognition requirements of ASC 842).

Property and equipment and depreciation


Asset		Useful lives
Buildings and improvements		10 to 40 years
Machinery and equipment		3 to 20 years
Mine development costs		units-of-production

We expense costs incurred for maintenance, repairs and minor renewals (including planned major maintenance) while we capitalize expenditures for major improvements.

Long-term debt

Employee benefit plans

Income taxes

Income Tax Uncertainties

Net sales

Selling, general and administrative expense; distribution costs

Shipping and Handling Costs

We include distribution costs (shipping and handling) in selling, general and administrative expense and these costs were $132 million in 2021, $122 million in 2022 and $101 million in 2023.

Research and Development

We expense research and development costs as incurred, and these costs were $17 million in 2021, $15 million in 2022 and $18 million in 2023.

Advertising Costs

We expense advertising costs as incurred and these costs were not material in any year presented.

Concentrations of credit risk

The table below shows the approximate percentage of our TiO₂ sales by volume for our significant markets, Europe and North America, for the last three years.


	2021	2022	2023
Europe	46%	45%	44%
North America	37%	39%	41%

Stockholders' equity - Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	$ 957.2	$ 870.2	$ 796.5
Ending Balance	808.3	957.2	870.2
Defined benefit pension plans
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Plan settlement	(1.6)	(0.3)
Currency translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(269.2)	(240.4)	(233.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	3.7	(28.8)	(7.0)
Ending Balance	(265.5)	(269.2)	(240.4)
Accumulated Defined benefit pension plans \| Defined benefit pension plans
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(63.1)	(163.3)	(214.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	2.0	9.9	14.9
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year	(16.0)	90.3	36.3
Plan settlement	1.1
Ending Balance	(76.0)	(63.1)	(163.3)
Accumulated Defined benefit pension plans \| OPEB Plans
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	0.8	(0.4)	(0.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(0.2)	(0.3)	(0.3)
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year	(0.2)	1.5	0.2
Ending Balance	0.4	0.8	(0.4)
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(331.5)	(404.1)	(448.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(9.6)	72.6	44.1
Ending Balance	$ (341.1)	$ (331.5)	$ (404.1)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Cash dividends per share	$ 0.76	$ 0.76	$ 0.72

Inventories, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Inventories, net

Inventories, net

Note 4 – Inventories, net:


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Raw materials	$	145.3	$	188.3
Work in process		32.0		30.8
Finished products		349.9		249.6
Supplies		81.5		95.9
Total	$	608.7	$	564.6

Recent accounting pronouncements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Recent accounting pronouncements

Recent accounting pronouncements

Note 19 – Recent accounting pronouncements:

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The ASU requires public companies to disclose significant segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis. The ASU also mandates public companies to provide all annual segment disclosures currently required annually in interim periods. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide the new disclosures and all disclosures required under ASC 280. Public companies will also be required to disclose the title and position of the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and explain how the CODM uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and allocation resources. The ASU is effective for us beginning with our 2024 Annual Report, and for interim reporting, in the first quarter of 2025, with retrospective application required. We are in the process of evaluating the additional disclosure requirements across all segments.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU requires additional annual disclosure and disaggregation for the rate reconciliation, income taxes paid and income tax expense by federal, state and foreign tax jurisdictions. In addition, the standard increases the disclosure requirements for items included in the rate reconciliation that meet a quantitative threshold. The ASU is effective for us beginning with our 2025 Annual Report. The ASU may be applied prospectively; however, entities have the option to apply it retrospectively. We are in the process of evaluating the additional disclosure requirements.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for change in accounting principle. Includes, but is not limited to, nature, reason, and method of adopting amendment to accounting standards or other change in accounting principle.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)(2)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)(2)(iv)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (h)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 5
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.M.Q2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-5

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(4)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (i)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 842
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 5
-Subparagraph (f)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-5

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 842
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 5
-Subparagraph (f)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-5

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-2

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 848
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 105
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 8
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 8
-Subparagraph (e)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8

Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 8
-Subparagraph (e)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8

Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482833/825-10-65-6

Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (e)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482833/825-10-65-6

Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 825
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (e)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482833/825-10-65-6

Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 326
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 4
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4

Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 326
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 4
-Subparagraph (e)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4

Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 926
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2

Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 926
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 926
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-6

Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1

Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 250
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//250/tableOfContent

Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1

Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)(1)
-SubTopic 20
-Topic 310
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481925/310-20-65-2

Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 65
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)(2)
-SubTopic 20
-Topic 310
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481925/310-20-65-2

+ Details

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Schedule of Assumptions Used (Detail) - Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit - Defined benefit pension plans	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Discount rate	3.40%	3.90%
Increase in future compensation levels	2.70%	2.70%

Long-term debt - Aggregate Maturities of Long-Term Debt and Other (Detail) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Long-term debt
2025	$ 442.5
Gross maturities	442.5
Less debt issuance costs	1.6
Total	440.9
Post effect of exchange of old notes into new notes
Long-term debt
2025	83.0
2029 and thereafter	360.8
Gross maturities	443.8
Less debt issuance costs	6.1
Total	$ 437.7

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Estimated Useful Lives of Assets (Detail)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Buildings and improvements \| Minimum
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property plant and equipment useful life	10 years
Buildings and improvements \| Maximum
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property plant and equipment useful life	40 years
Machinery and equipment \| Minimum
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property plant and equipment useful life	3 years
Machinery and equipment \| Maximum
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Property plant and equipment useful life	20 years
Mine development costs
Property Plant And Equipment [Line Items]
Mine development costs	units-of-production

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of significant accounting policies

Estimated Useful Life of Assets


Asset		Useful lives
Buildings and improvements		10 to 40 years
Machinery and equipment		3 to 20 years
Mine development costs		units-of-production

Income taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Income taxes

Income taxes

Note 12 – Income taxes:


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Pre-tax income (loss):
U.S.	$	25.5	$	44.1	$	(1.5)
Non-U.S.		127.9		89.8		(71.4)
Total	$	153.4	$	133.9	$	(72.9)

Expected tax expense (benefit), at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21%	$	32.2	$	28.1	$	(15.3)
Non-U.S. tax rates		4.6		2.1		(6.3)
Incremental net tax benefit on earnings and losses of U.S. and non-U.S. companies		(3.9)		(.5)		(4.7)
Valuation allowance, net		3.1		(3.6)		2.6
Global intangible low-tax income, net		2.8		2.1		(.3)
Adjustment to the reserve for uncertain tax positions, net		-		(.4)		(.5)
Nondeductible expenses		1.0		.9		1.0
U.S. state income taxes and other, net		.7		.7		(.3)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)

Components of income tax expense (benefit):
Current payable:
U.S. federal and state	$	4.6	$	10.7	$	2.0
Non-U.S.		21.6		20.1		13.5
		26.2		30.8		15.5

Deferred income taxes (benefit):
U.S. federal and state		3.3		(3.0)		(3.7)
Non-U.S.		11.0		1.6		(35.6)
		14.3		(1.4)		(39.3)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)

Comprehensive provision for income taxes (benefit) allocable to:
Net income (loss)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans		24.0		49.3		(6.7)
OPEB plans		-		.4		(.2)
Total	$	64.5	$	79.1	$	(30.7)

The amount shown in the preceding table of our income tax rate reconciliation for non-U.S. tax rates represents the result determined by multiplying the pre-tax earnings or losses of each of our non-U.S. subsidiaries by the difference between the applicable statutory income tax rate for each non-U.S. jurisdiction and the U.S. federal statutory tax rate. The amount shown on such table for incremental net tax benefit on earnings and losses of U.S. and non-U.S. companies includes, as applicable, (i) deferred income taxes (or deferred income tax benefits) associated with the current-year earnings of all of our non-U.S. subsidiaries and (ii) current U.S. income taxes (or current income tax benefit), including U.S. personal holding company tax, as applicable, attributable to current-year income (losses) of one of our non-U.S. subsidiaries, which subsidiary is treated as a dual resident for U.S. income tax purposes, to the extent the current-year income (losses) of such subsidiary is subject to U.S. income tax under the U.S. dual-resident provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.

The components of our net deferred income taxes at December 31, 2022 and 2023 are summarized in the following table.


	December 31,
	2022				2023
	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities

	(In millions)
Tax effect of temporary differences related to:
Inventories	$	-	$	(5.5)	$	1.1	$	-
Property and equipment		-		(59.1)		-		(59.3)
Lease assets (liabilities)		5.3		(5.4)		5.7		(5.7)
Accrued OPEB costs		1.7		-		1.8		-
Accrued pension costs		21.6		-		26.8		-
Other accrued liabilities and deductible differences		15.3		-		16.9		-
Other taxable differences		-		(3.9)		-		(3.5)
Tax on unremitted earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries		-		(11.3)		-		(10.8)
Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards		70.7		-		107.7		-
Valuation allowance		(3.8)		-		(6.4)		-
Adjusted gross deferred tax assets (liabilities)		110.8		(85.2)		153.6		(79.3)
Netting by tax jurisdiction		(58.8)		58.8		(70.3)		70.3
Net noncurrent deferred tax asset (liability)	$	52.0	$	(26.4)	$	83.3	$	(9.0)

We periodically review our deferred tax assets (DTA) to determine if a valuation allowance is required. At December 31, 2023, we have German corporate and trade net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards of $478.7 million (DTA of $75.8 million) and $54.5 million (DTA of $5.9 million), respectively; Belgian corporate NOL carryforwards of $47.0 million (DTA of $11.8 million) and Canadian corporate and provincial NOL carryforwards of $31.5 million (DTA of $4.7 million) and $34.9 million (DTA of $4.0 million), respectively. We have concluded that no deferred income tax asset valuation allowance is required to be recognized with respect to such carryforwards, principally because (i) such carryforwards have lengthy carryforward periods (the German and Belgian carryforwards may be carried forward indefinitely and the Canadian carryforwards may be carried forward 20 years), (ii) we have utilized a portion of such carryforwards during the most recent three-year period and (iii) we currently expect to utilize the remainder of such carryforwards over the long term. However, prior to the complete utilization of such carryforwards, if we were to generate additional losses in our German, Belgian or Canadian operations for an extended period of time, or if applicable laws were to change such that the carryforward periods were more limited, it is possible that we might conclude the benefit of such carryforwards would no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition criteria, at which point we would be required to recognize a valuation allowance against some or all of the then-remaining tax benefit associated with the carryforwards.

The 2017 Tax Act limited our business interest expense to the sum of our business interest income and 30% of our adjusted taxable income as defined in the Tax Act. Any business interest expense disallowed as a deduction as a result of the limitation may be carried forward indefinitely. At December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023, we have recorded deferred tax assets of $.9 million and $3.5 million, respectively, for the carryforwards associated with the nondeductible portion of our interest expense and have concluded we are required to recognize a valuation allowance for such deferred tax asset under the more-likely-than-not recognition criteria. During 2023 we recognized a non-cash deferred income tax expense of $2.6 million with respect to the valuation allowance recorded on additional interest expense carryforwards.

Prior to the enactment of the 2017 Tax Act, the undistributed earnings of our European subsidiaries were deemed to be permanently reinvested (we had not made a similar determination with respect to the undistributed earnings of our Canadian subsidiary). Pursuant to the one-time repatriation tax (Transition Tax) provisions of the 2017 Tax Act which imposed a one-time repatriation tax on post-1986 undistributed earnings, we recognized current income tax expense of $74.5 million and elected to pay such tax in annual installments over an eight-year period beginning in 2018. At December 31, 2023, the balance of our unpaid Transition Tax is $33.5 million, with two remaining payments of $14.9 million due in 2024 and $18.6 million due in 2025. The payments are recorded as a current and noncurrent payable to affiliate (income taxes payable to Valhi) on our Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2023.

Tax authorities are examining certain of our U.S. and non-U.S. tax returns and may propose tax deficiencies, including penalties and interest. Because of the inherent uncertainties involved in settlement initiatives and court and tax proceedings, we cannot guarantee that these tax matters, if any, will be resolved in our favor, and therefore our potential exposure, if any, is also uncertain. We believe we have adequate accruals for additional taxes and related interest expense which could ultimately result from tax examinations. We believe the ultimate disposition of tax examinations should not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

We accrue interest and penalties on our uncertain tax positions as a component of our provision for income taxes. The amount of interest and penalties we accrued during 2021, 2022 and 2023 was not material.

The following table shows the changes in the amount of our uncertain tax positions (exclusive of the effect of interest and penalties discussed above) during 2021, 2022 and 2023:


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits:
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year	$	4.1	$	3.8	$	3.2
Tax positions taken in current period		.6		.7		.5
Lapse due to applicable statute of limitations		(.7)		(1.1)		(1.0)
Change in currency exchange rates		(.2)		(.2)		.1
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year	$	3.8	$	3.2	$	2.8

At December 31, 2023, all of our uncertain tax benefits are classified as a component of our noncurrent deferred tax asset. If our uncertain tax position at December 31, 2023 was recognized, a benefit of $2.8 million would affect our effective income tax rate. We currently estimate that our unrecognized tax benefits will not change materially during the next twelve months.

We and Contran file income tax returns in U.S. federal and various state and local jurisdictions. We also file income tax returns in various non-U.S. jurisdictions, principally in Germany, Canada, Belgium and Norway. Our U.S. income tax returns prior to 2020 are generally considered closed to examination by applicable tax authorities. Our non-U.S. income tax returns are generally considered closed to examination for years prior to 2019 for Germany, 2020 for Belgium, 2018 for Canada and 2018 for Norway.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//740/tableOfContent

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482526/740-270-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Geographic information - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Non-U.S. Subsidiaries
Geographic Information [Line Items]
Net assets of non-US subsidiaries	$ 443	$ 504

Accounts and other receivables, net - Accounts and Other Receivables, Net (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ (4.1)	$ (3.5)
Total	295.2	252.4
Trade receivables
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Accounts and other receivables	273.6	220.3
Recoverable VAT and other receivables
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Accounts and other receivables	23.8	28.5
Refundable income taxes
Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Refundable income taxes	$ 1.9	$ 7.1

Geographic information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Geographic information

Net Sales and Property and Equipment by Geographical Information



	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Net sales - point of origin:
United States	$	1,052.1	$	1,226.6	$	1,029.2
Germany		971.7		895.4		726.4
Canada		371.9		389.4		351.0
Norway		257.2		273.5		252.1
Belgium		295.7		306.5		217.1
Eliminations		(1,009.2)		(1,161.2)		(909.3)
Total	$	1,939.4	$	1,930.2	$	1,666.5

Net sales - point of destination:
Europe	$	945.0	$	878.3	$	737.8
North America		645.7		695.7		618.1
Other		348.7		356.2		310.6
Total	$	1,939.4	$	1,930.2	$	1,666.5


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Identifiable assets - net property and equipment:
Germany	$	198.5	$	207.7
Belgium		100.8		97.9
Norway		82.7		82.7
Canada		87.8		81.9
Other		14.7		12.7
Total	$	484.5	$	482.9

Stockholders' equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Stockholders' equity

Schedule of changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Currency translation:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(233.4)	$	(240.4)	$	(269.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(7.0)		(28.8)		3.7
Balance at end of period	$	(240.4)	$	(269.2)	$	(265.5)

Defined benefit pension plans:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(214.5)	$	(163.3)	$	(63.1)
Other comprehensive income:
Amortization of prior service cost and net losses included in net periodic pension cost		14.9		9.9		2.0
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year		36.3		90.3		(16.0)
Plan settlement		-		-		1.1
Balance at end of period	$	(163.3)	$	(63.1)	$	(76.0)

OPEB plans:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(.3)	$	(.4)	$	.8
Other comprehensive loss - amortization of prior service credit and net losses included in net periodic OPEB cost		(.3)		(.3)		(.2)
Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year		.2		1.5		(.2)
Balance at end of period	$	(.4)	$	.8	$	.4

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Balance at beginning of period	$	(448.2)	$	(404.1)	$	(331.5)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		44.1		72.6		(9.6)
Balance at end of period	$	(404.1)	$	(331.5)	$	(341.1)

Accounts and other receivables, net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Accounts and other receivables, net

Accounts and other receivables, net


	December 31,
	2022		2023

	(In millions)
Trade receivables	$	220.3	$	273.6
Recoverable VAT and other receivables		28.5		23.8
Refundable income taxes		7.1		1.9
Allowance for doubtful accounts		(3.5)		(4.1)
Total	$	252.4	$	295.2

Geographic information - Net Sales and Property and Equipment by Geographical Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 1,666.5	$ 1,930.2	$ 1,939.4
Net property and equipment	482.9	484.5
Germany
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net property and equipment	207.7	198.5
Canada
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net property and equipment	81.9	87.8
Norway
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net property and equipment	82.7	82.7
Belgium
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net property and equipment	97.9	100.8
Other
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net property and equipment	12.7	14.7
Point of origin \| Reportable geographical components \| United States
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	1,029.2	1,226.6	1,052.1
Point of origin \| Reportable geographical components \| Germany
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	726.4	895.4	971.7
Point of origin \| Reportable geographical components \| Canada
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	351.0	389.4	371.9
Point of origin \| Reportable geographical components \| Norway
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	252.1	273.5	257.2
Point of origin \| Reportable geographical components \| Belgium
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	217.1	306.5	295.7
Point of origin \| Eliminations
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	(909.3)	(1,161.2)	(1,009.2)
Point of destination \| Europe
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	737.8	878.3	945.0
Point of destination \| North America
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	618.1	695.7	645.7
Point of destination \| Other
Revenues From External Customers And Long Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net sales	$ 310.6	$ 356.2	$ 348.7

Income taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Income taxes

Components of Income Taxes and Comprehensive Provision for Income Taxes Allocation


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Pre-tax income (loss):
U.S.	$	25.5	$	44.1	$	(1.5)
Non-U.S.		127.9		89.8		(71.4)
Total	$	153.4	$	133.9	$	(72.9)

Expected tax expense (benefit), at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21%	$	32.2	$	28.1	$	(15.3)
Non-U.S. tax rates		4.6		2.1		(6.3)
Incremental net tax benefit on earnings and losses of U.S. and non-U.S. companies		(3.9)		(.5)		(4.7)
Valuation allowance, net		3.1		(3.6)		2.6
Global intangible low-tax income, net		2.8		2.1		(.3)
Adjustment to the reserve for uncertain tax positions, net		-		(.4)		(.5)
Nondeductible expenses		1.0		.9		1.0
U.S. state income taxes and other, net		.7		.7		(.3)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)

Components of income tax expense (benefit):
Current payable:
U.S. federal and state	$	4.6	$	10.7	$	2.0
Non-U.S.		21.6		20.1		13.5
		26.2		30.8		15.5

Deferred income taxes (benefit):
U.S. federal and state		3.3		(3.0)		(3.7)
Non-U.S.		11.0		1.6		(35.6)
		14.3		(1.4)		(39.3)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)

Comprehensive provision for income taxes (benefit) allocable to:
Net income (loss)	$	40.5	$	29.4	$	(23.8)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans		24.0		49.3		(6.7)
OPEB plans		-		.4		(.2)
Total	$	64.5	$	79.1	$	(30.7)

Components of Net Deferred Income Taxes

The components of our net deferred income taxes at December 31, 2022 and 2023 are summarized in the following table.


	December 31,
	2022				2023
	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities

	(In millions)
Tax effect of temporary differences related to:
Inventories	$	-	$	(5.5)	$	1.1	$	-
Property and equipment		-		(59.1)		-		(59.3)
Lease assets (liabilities)		5.3		(5.4)		5.7		(5.7)
Accrued OPEB costs		1.7		-		1.8		-
Accrued pension costs		21.6		-		26.8		-
Other accrued liabilities and deductible differences		15.3		-		16.9		-
Other taxable differences		-		(3.9)		-		(3.5)
Tax on unremitted earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries		-		(11.3)		-		(10.8)
Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards		70.7		-		107.7		-
Valuation allowance		(3.8)		-		(6.4)		-
Adjusted gross deferred tax assets (liabilities)		110.8		(85.2)		153.6		(79.3)
Netting by tax jurisdiction		(58.8)		58.8		(70.3)		70.3
Net noncurrent deferred tax asset (liability)	$	52.0	$	(26.4)	$	83.3	$	(9.0)

Changes in Amount of Uncertain Tax Positions

The following table shows the changes in the amount of our uncertain tax positions (exclusive of the effect of interest and penalties discussed above) during 2021, 2022 and 2023:


	Years ended December 31,
	2021		2022		2023

	(In millions)
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits:
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of year	$	4.1	$	3.8	$	3.2
Tax positions taken in current period		.6		.7		.5
Lapse due to applicable statute of limitations		(.7)		(1.1)		(1.0)
Change in currency exchange rates		(.2)		(.2)		.1
Unrecognized tax benefits at end of year	$	3.8	$	3.2	$	2.8

Defined contribution and defined benefit retirement plans - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined contribution benefit plan expense	$ 4.1	$ 3.9	$ 3.9
Defined benefit pension plans
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected contributions next fiscal year	17.0
Settlements	1.3
Defined benefit pension plans \| U S
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan funded status of plan	$ 0.8	$ 1.2
Discount rate	5.00%	5.30%
Expected long-term rate of return	5.00%	4.00%	4.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| U S \| Equity Securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	7.00%
Target asset allocation	33.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| U S \| Debt Securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	5.00%
Target asset allocation	59.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| U S \| Assets valued at NAV
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Target asset allocation	98.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| Foreign Pension Plans Defined Benefit
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined benefit plan funded status of plan	$ 141.1	$ 119.2
Discount rate	3.40%	3.90%
Expected long-term rate of return	4.60%	2.50%	2.40%
Defined benefit pension plans \| C A \| Equity Securities \| Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Target asset allocation	10.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| C A \| Debt Securities \| Minimum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Target asset allocation	90.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| C A \| Debt Securities \| Maximum
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Target asset allocation	100.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| N O \| Equity Securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	7.00%
Target asset allocation	18.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| N O \| Debt Securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	4.00%
Target asset allocation	63.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| N O \| Real Estate
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	6.00%
Target asset allocation	14.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| N O \| Other Investment Securities And Cash
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return	7.00%
Defined benefit pension plans \| N O \| Real Estate And Other Investments
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Actual plan asset allocation	14.00%

Other noncurrent liabilities - Components of Other Noncurrent Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other noncurrent liabilities
Accrued postretirement benefits	$ 6.4	$ 5.9
Employee benefits	4.9	4.8
Other	10.5	9.8
Total	$ 21.8	$ 20.5